Faculty Profiles - akihide Tanimoto

Papers - akihide Tanimoto

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Yusuke Sakiyama, Jun-Hui Yuan, Akiko Yoshimura, Mika Takeuchi, Yoshimitsu Maki, Takuma Mori, Jun Takei, Masahiro Ando, Yu Hiramatsu, Satoshi Nozuma, Yujiro Higuchi, Hajime Yonezawa, Mari Kirishima, Masayuki Suzuki, Takahiro Kano, Monami Tarisawa, Shunta Hashiguchi, Misako Kunii, Shoki Sato, Ikuko Takahashi-Iwata, Akihiro Hashiguchi, Eiji Matsuura, Shuji Izumo, Akihide Tanimoto, Hiroshi Takashima . Brain biopsy and metagenomic sequencing enhance aetiological diagnosis of encephalitis. . Brain communications7 ( 3 ) fcaf165 2025Reviewed International journal

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Identifying the aetiology of CNS diseases, regardless of their infectious or non-infectious nature, is often intricate. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has emerged as a powerful tool for sensitive and unbiased screening of tissue or body fluid specimens. This study aimed to investigate the underlying aetiology of patients with suspected infectious CNS diseases. Between April 2013 and October 2021, we collected brain tissue samples from 33 patients diagnosed with encephalitis or encephalitis-like CNS diseases, obtained via biopsy or autopsy, and underwent metagenomic NGS (mNGS) in conjunction with pathological evaluations. Moreover, we employed PCR-based assays and pathogen-specific immunostaining to corroborate the presence of pathogens within the tissue samples. Among the 33 patients, mNGS elucidated pathogen-specific genomic sequences in 7 cases (21.2%), including halobacteria (archaea), Balamuthia mandrillaris, Epstein-Barr virus, Toxoplasma gondii and herpes simplex virus. Additionally, brain tissue mNGS ruled out known pathogens, identifying 14 cases (42.4%) of non-infectious CNS diseases, which included neoplastic, autoimmune/inflammatory and amyloid angiopathy conditions. The adjustment of therapeutic strategies based on these findings led to improvements in clinical symptoms, imaging outcomes and patient prognosis. Brain biopsy serves as both a direct pathological research target and a valuable source of samples for unbiased high-throughput sequencing. Our study illustrates the reliability of mNGS on brain tissue, which significantly improves the diagnostic rate for suspected encephalitis or encephalitis-like diseases of unknown aetiology. These findings underscore the importance of mNGS in guiding more precise and effective therapeutic interventions for patients in clinical practice.

DOI： 10.1093/braincomms/fcaf165

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Takuya Okada, Manabu Natsumeda, Hidemoto Fujiwara, Nayuta Higa, Toshiaki Akahane, Yuki Watabe, Kaoru Tomikawa, Kyoka Nishita, Yoshihiro Tsukamoto, Shinsuke Ohshima, Arata Horii, Akihide Tanimoto, Ryosuke Hanaya, Hiroshi Shimizu, Akiyoshi Kakita, Makoto Oishi . Case Report: Improved hearing in a rare, adult IDH2-mutant brainstem astrocytoma successfully treated with radiation and temozolomide. . Frontiers in oncology15 1555986 - 1555986 2025Reviewed International journal

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

INTRODUCTION: Brain stem gliomas harboring IDH mutations can be sensitive to temozolomide (TMZ) treatment, unlike their H3K27-altered counterparts, so distinguishing the two is essential. CASE PRESENTATION: Here, we report an adult brainstem glioma patient whose hearing loss normalized after treatment. He presented with gradual left hearing loss from two years before, and magnetic resonance (MR) images showed a diffuse mass lesion involving the pons to left middle cerebral peduncle, including the vestibular and cochlear nuclei. On MR spectroscopy (MRS), 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) was elevated to 3.602 mM, suggesting an IDH-mutant glioma. Subsequently, an open biopsy was performed via the lateral suboccipital approach, and the pathological diagnosis was astrocytoma, IDH-mutant, CNS WHO grade 3. Molecular analysis revealed a non-canonical IDH2 R172S mutation. Left hearing improved from 87.5 dB to 8.3dB by 6-frequency pure tone audiogram (PTA) and 90% speech discrimination at 35 dB after concomitant TMZ and radiation treatment, followed by 12 cycles of adjuvant TMZ treatment. 2HG also decreased to 0.186 mM on MRS after treatment determining treatment strategy. DISCUSSION: Studies have shown that as high as 31% of adult brainstem gliomas are IDH mutant, with most of these mutations being non-canonical IDH1/2 mutations. Approximately 70% of IDH-mutant astrocytomas are known to harbor a methylated O6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter and respond to TMZ treatment, whereas almost all H3K27M-mutant diffuse midline gliomas have unmethylated MGMT promoters and generally are not sensitive to TMZ treatment. Detection of 2HG by MRS and molecular analysis, including non-canonical IDH1/2 mutations, were helpful in determining treatment response in this adult brainstem glioma case. Notably, hearing loss normalized after TMZ treatment. CONCLUSION: The diagnosis of IDH-mutant brainstem gliomas by MRS and integrated analysis of surgically obtained specimens is essential to determine the proper treatment of these rare cases.

DOI： 10.3389/fonc.2025.1555986

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Kenji Miki, Mikako Yagi, Ryusuke Hatae, Ryosuke Otsuji, Takahiro Miyazaki, Katsuhiro Goto, Daiki Setoyama, Yutaka Fujioka, Yuhei Sangatsuda, Daisuke Kuga, Nayuta Higa, Tomoko Takajo, Yonezawa Hajime, Toshiaki Akahane, Akihide Tanimoto, Ryosuke Hanaya, Yuya Kunisaki, Takeshi Uchiumi, Koji Yoshimoto . Glutaminolysis is associated with mitochondrial pathway activation and can be therapeutically targeted in glioblastoma. . Cancer & metabolism12 ( 1 ) 35 - 35 2024.11Reviewed International journal

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND: Glioblastoma is an aggressive cancer that originates from abnormal cell growth in the brain and requires metabolic reprogramming to support tumor growth. Metabolic reprogramming involves the upregulation of various metabolic pathways. Although the activation of specific metabolic pathways in glioblastoma cell lines has been documented, the comprehensive profile of metabolic reprogramming and the role of each pathway in glioblastoma tissues in patients remain elusive. METHODS: We analyzed 38 glioblastoma tissues. As a test set, we examined 20 tissues from Kyushu University Hospital, focusing on proteins related to several metabolic pathways, including glycolysis, the one-carbon cycle, glutaminolysis, and the mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid cycle. Subsequently, we analyzed an additional 18 glioblastoma tissues from Kagoshima University Hospital as a validation set. We also validated our findings using six cell lines, including U87, LN229, U373, T98G, and two patient-derived cells. RESULTS: The levels of mitochondria-related proteins (COX1, COX2, and DRP1) were correlated with each other and with glutaminolysis-related proteins (GLDH and GLS1). Conversely, their expression was inversely correlated with that of glycolytic proteins. Notably, inhibiting the glutaminolysis pathway in cell lines with high GLDH and GLS1 expression proved effective in suppressing tumor growth. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings confirm that glioblastoma tissues can be categorized into glycolytic-dominant and mitochondrial-dominant types, as previously reported. The mitochondrial-dominant type is also glutaminolysis-dominant. Therefore, inhibiting the glutaminolysis pathway may be an effective treatment for mitochondrial-dominant glioblastoma.

DOI： 10.1186/s40170-024-00364-0

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Mari Kirishima, Seiya Yokoyama, Toshiaki Akahane, Nayuta Higa, Hiroyuki Uchida, Hajime Yonezawa, Kei Matsuo, Junkoh Yamamoto, Koji Yoshimoto, Ryosuke Hanaya, Akihide Tanimoto . Prognosis prediction via histological evaluation of cellular heterogeneity in glioblastoma. . Scientific reports14 ( 1 ) 24955 - 24955 2024.10Reviewed International journal

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Glioblastomas (GBMs) are the most aggressive types of central nervous system tumors. Although certain genomic alterations have been identified as prognostic biomarkers of GBMs, the histomorphological features that predict their prognosis remain elusive. In this study, following an integrative diagnosis of 227 GBMs based on the 2021 World Health Organization classification system, the cases were histologically fractionated by cellular variations and abundance to evaluate the relationship between cellular heterogeneity and prognosis in combination with O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase gene promoter methylation (mMGMTp) status. GBMs comprised four major cell types: astrocytic, pleomorphic, gemistocytic, and rhabdoid cells. t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding analysis using the histological abundance of heterogeneous cell types identified two distinct groups with significantly different prognoses. In individual cell component analysis, the abundance of gemistocytes showed a significantly favorable prognosis but confounding to mMGMTp status. Conversely, the abundance of epithelioid cells was correlated with the unfavorable prognosis. Linear model analysis showed the favorable prognostic utility of quantifying gemistocytic and epithelioid cells, independent of mMGMTp. The evaluation of GBM cell histomorphological heterogeneity is more effective for prognosis prediction in combination with mMGMTp analysis, indicating that histomorphological analysis is a practical and useful prognostication tool in an integrative diagnosis of GBMs.

DOI： 10.1038/s41598-024-76826-8

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大西俊平, 山崎文之, Jeet Amatya Vishwa, 米澤潮, 比嘉那優大, 赤羽俊章, 谷本昭英, 武島幸男, 花谷亮典, 堀江信貴 . Astrocytoma,IDH-mutant with primitive neuronal componentの一例 . Brain Tumor Pathology41 ( Suppl. ) 146 - 146 2024.5Reviewed

比嘉那優大, 赤羽俊章, 米澤大, 横山勢也, 牧野隆太郎, 内田裕之, 霧島茉莉, 吉本幸司, 谷本昭英, 花谷亮典 . 脳腫瘍1 小児脳腫瘍におけるカスタムDNA/RNAパネルを用いたクリニカルシーケンス . 小児の脳神経49 ( 2 ) 168 - 168 2024.4Reviewed

霧島茉莉, 赤羽俊章, 横山勢也, 比嘉那優大, 米澤大, 内田裕之, 花谷亮典, 吉本幸司, 谷本昭英 . 膠芽腫の細胞形態とゲノム変化による予後推定の試み . 日本病理学会会誌113 ( 1 ) 435 - 436 2024.2Reviewed

Kiyohisa Kamimura, Tsubasa Nakano, Tomohito Hasegawa, Masanori Nakajo, Chihiro Yamada, Yoshiki Kamimura, Kentaro Akune, Fumitaka Ejima, Takuro Ayukawa, Hiroaki Nagano, Koji Takumi, Masatoyo Nakajo, Nayuta Higa, Hajime Yonezawa, Ryosuke Hanaya, Mari Kirishima, Akihide Tanimoto, Takashi Iwanaga, Hiroshi Imai, Thorsten Feiweier, Takashi Yoshiura . Differentiating primary central nervous system lymphoma from glioblastoma by time-dependent diffusion using oscillating gradient. . Cancer imaging : the official publication of the International Cancer Imaging Society23 ( 1 ) 114 - 114 2023.11Reviewed International journal

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to elucidate the impact of effective diffusion time setting on apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC)-based differentiation between primary central nervous system lymphomas (PCNSLs) and glioblastomas (GBMs) and to investigate the usage of time-dependent diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted involving 21 patients with PCNSLs and 66 patients with GBMs using diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) sequences with oscillating gradient spin-echo (Δeff = 7.1 ms) and conventional pulsed gradient (Δeff = 44.5 ms). In addition to ADC maps at the two diffusion times (ADC7.1 ms and ADC44.5 ms), we generated maps of the ADC changes (cADC) and the relative ADC changes (rcADC) between the two diffusion times. Regions of interest were placed on enhancing regions and non-enhancing peritumoral regions. The mean and the fifth and 95th percentile values of each parameter were compared between PCNSLs and GBMs. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values were used to compare the discriminating performances among the indices. RESULTS: In enhancing regions, the mean and fifth and 95th percentile values of ADC44.5 ms and ADC7.1 ms in PCNSLs were significantly lower than those in GBMs (p = 0.02 for 95th percentile of ADC44.5 ms, p = 0.04 for ADC7.1 ms, and p < 0.01 for others). Furthermore, the mean and fifth and 95th percentile values of cADC and rcADC were significantly higher in PCNSLs than in GBMs (each p < 0.01). The AUC of the best-performing index for ADC7.1 ms was significantly lower than that for ADC44.5 ms (p < 0.001). The mean rcADC showed the highest discriminating performance (AUC = 0.920) among all indices. In peritumoral regions, no significant difference in any of the three indices of ADC44.5 ms, ADC7.1 ms, cADC, and rcADC was observed between PCNSLs and GBMs. CONCLUSIONS: Effective diffusion time setting can have a crucial impact on the performance of ADC in differentiating between PCNSLs and GBMs. The time-dependent diffusion MRI parameters may be useful in the differentiation of these lesions.

DOI： 10.1186/s40644-023-00639-7

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Yoshiaki Shinden, Kayo Kamimura, Naoki Hayashi, Yuki Nomoto, Ayako Nagata, Yuka Eguchi, Hanako Yano, Hazuki Saho, Akihiro Nakajo, Koji Minami, Tadahiro Hirashima, Ken Sasaki, Heiji Yoshinaka, Tetsuhiro Owaki, Akihide Tanimoto, Masayuki Nakamura, Takao Otsuka . Relationship between Delayed Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Behavioral Economic Factors and Personality Characteristics. . Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP24 ( 10 ) 3437 - 3440 2023.10Reviewed International journal

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND: Delays in breast cancer diagnosis can allow the disease to progress to an incurable stage. However, factors that cause patients to delay seeking treatment are unclear. In this study, we aimed to identify behavioral economic factors and personality characteristics of patients with breast cancer who had a delayed diagnosis. METHODS: We analyzed questionnaires completed by 41 patients with breast cancer. A delayed diagnosis was defined if the time between the first symptom and the medical visit was more than 6 months. RESULTS: We found 11 patients who had a delayed diagnosis. The significant characteristics associated with patients with breast cancer who had delayed diagnosis were: (i) less experience with breast cancer screening; (ii) progressive disease stage; and (iii) low time and future time preference. We found no significant behavioral economic factors other than time preference, and personality that differed between patients with breast cancer who did and did not have a delayed diagnosis. CONCLUSION: Low time preference rate is a characteristic of patients with breast cancer who had a delayed diagnosis.

DOI： 10.31557/APJCP.2023.24.10.3437

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霧島茉莉, 赤羽俊章, 横山勢也, 比嘉那優大, 米澤大, 内田裕之, 花谷亮典, 吉本幸司, 谷本昭英 . 膠芽腫の形態とゲノム変化の相関 . 日本病理学会会誌112 ( 2 ) 137 - 137 2023.10Reviewed

谷本昭英, 赤羽俊彰, 比嘉那優大, 花谷亮典, 吉本幸司 . ゲノムと病理のコラボが推進する、真のプレシジョンメディシン脳腫瘍におけるゲノム病理診断の有用性 . 日本癌治療学会学術集会抄録集61回 CCWS7 - 2 2023.10Reviewed

切田ゆかり, 北薗育美, 亀澤雅, 古家淳行, 窪田恵美, 霧島茉莉, 村上未樹, 田崎貴嗣, 簗詰伸太郎, 東美智代, 小林裕明, 谷本昭英 . 子宮腟部液状化検体細胞診(LBC)に出現した卵巣原発yolk sac tumorの一例 . 日本臨床細胞学会雑誌62 ( Suppl.2 ) 508 - 508 2023.10Reviewed

兒玉憲人, 西中間祐希, 甲斐祐介, 濱之上仁美, 堂園美香, 野口悠, 武井潤, 永田龍世, 樋口雄二郎, 菅田淳, 比嘉那優大, 米澤大, 霧島茉莉, 谷本昭英, 高嶋博 . 当院で経験した脳アミロイドアンギオパチー関連炎症の3例の検討 . Dementia Japan37 ( 4 ) 692 - 692 2023.10Reviewed

古家淳行, 亀澤雅, 窪田恵美, 岩切かおり, 霧島茉莉, 田崎貴嗣, 北薗育美, 東美智代, 谷本昭英 . 右臀部に発生した類上皮肉腫の一例 . 日本臨床細胞学会九州連合会雑誌54 83 - 86 2023.7Reviewed

Language：Japanese Publisher：日本臨床細胞学会-九州連合会

背景類上皮肉腫は形態および免疫組織学的に上皮様を呈する腫瘍細胞が胞巣形成性に増殖する稀な悪性軟部腫瘍で,しばしばラブドイド細胞が出現する.今回,右臀部に発生した類上皮肉腫を経験したので報告する.症例 30代,女性.右臀部の筋肉内腫瘤および右鼠径部腫瘤を認めた.穿刺吸引細胞診では血性背景に上皮様結合を有した異型細胞が集塊状に出現していた.異型細胞の結合性は緩く,豊富な細胞質を有し,核は偏在傾向を示し,核縁は菲薄で平滑で,クロマチンは細顆粒状で均等に分布していた.癌の転移や肉腫が疑われたが,組織型の推定は困難であった.摘出された腫瘍は,組織学的に好酸性胞体の上皮様腫瘍細胞が線維性間質内に索状やシートに増殖し,腫瘍中心に壊死を伴っていた.免疫組織化学的に腫瘍細胞は,cytokeratin(AE1/AE3,CAM5.2),Vimentin,CD34陽性を示し,INI-1の欠失を認めた.細胞所見,免疫組織化学を含む組織所見より類上皮肉腫と診断した.結語類上皮肉腫の細胞像では,豊富な細胞質を有する上皮様結合を示す異型細胞を認めるが,結合性は緩いこと,肉腫を示唆する菲薄で平滑な核縁であることに着目することが重要であると考えられた.(著者抄録)

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赤羽俊章, 坂本一平, 比嘉那優大, 霧島茉莉, 牧野隆太郎, 米澤大, 内田裕之, 吉本幸司, 花谷亮典, 谷本昭英 . がんゲノム診断とバイオインフォマティクス神経膠腫の統合分子病理診断のための自動レポーティングシステムの構築とバイオインフォマティクスの重要性 . Brain Tumor Pathology40 ( Suppl. ) 067 - 067 2023.5Reviewed

比嘉那優大, 赤羽俊章, 横山勢也, 米澤大, 内田裕之, 霧島茉莉, 山本淳考, 吉本幸司, 谷本昭英, 花谷亮典 . IDH wildtype-TERTp wildtype glioblastomaにおけるPTENの予後への影響 . Brain Tumor Pathology40 ( Suppl. ) 098 - 098 2023.5Reviewed

牧野隆太郎, 比嘉那優大, 赤羽俊章, 米澤大, 内田裕之, 霧島茉莉, 山本淳考, 吉本幸司, 谷本昭英, 花谷亮典 . がんゲノム診断日本人膠芽腫患者におけるチロシンキナーゼ受容体変異と臨床像 . Brain Tumor Pathology40 ( Suppl. ) 061 - 061 2023.5Reviewed

田崎貴嗣, 霧島茉莉, 北薗育美, 田畑和宏, 東美智代, 安村拓人, 豊川建二, 谷本昭英 . 胸部大動脈瘤を呈した巨細胞性動脈炎の1例 . 診断病理40 ( 1 ) 91 - 95 2023.1Reviewed

Language：Japanese Publisher：(一社)日本病理学会

症例は80代女性。リウマチ性多発筋痛症の治療中に胸部大動脈瘤を指摘され,人工血管置換術が行われた。大動脈では内膜に軽度の粥状硬化を認めた。中膜ではリンパ球や形質細胞,少数の多核巨細胞の浸潤,内膜側優位の弾性線維の配列の乱れと消失を認めたが,外膜の線維化や炎症細胞浸潤は軽度であり,巨細胞性動脈炎と診断した。大動脈瘤において巨細胞性動脈炎と病理診断される症例では,側頭動脈炎の既往がなく臨床症状に乏しいことがあり,大動脈瘤を注意深く検索することで,巨細胞性動脈炎の可能性を見落とさないことが重要である。(著者抄録)

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Takashi Tasaki, Eisuke Shiba, Hirotsugu Noguchi, Mari Kirishima, Ikumi Kitazono, Wataru Terabaru, Kazuhiro Tabata, Michiyo Higashi, Naohiro Shinohara, Hiromi Sasaki, Masanori Nakajo, Masatoyo Nakajo, Masanori Hisaoka, Akihide Tanimoto . Low-grade Fibromyxoid Sarcoma With Massive Degeneration: A Case of Unusual Gross and Histological Features. . In vivo (Athens, Greece)37 ( 6 ) 2863 - 2868 2023Reviewed International journal

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND: Low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma (LGFMS) is a rare type of sarcoma which is observed in the soft tissue of proximal extremities, typically in young and middle-aged adults. It consists of a solid proliferation of bland spindle cells within collagenous and myxoid stroma. CASE REPORT: Herein, we report a case of LGFMS with massive degeneration and hyalinization. A 30-year-old man presented with a well-circumscribed mass measuring 15 cm in diameter in his left biceps femoris muscle. Marginal tumor resection was performed under the clinical diagnosis of an ancient schwannoma or chronic expanding hematoma (CEH). The resected tissue revealed a well-demarcated tumor mass with massive degeneration and hyalinization with focal calcification. Proliferation of spindle tumor cells with abundant collagenous stroma, which resembled the fibrous capsule of CEH, was observed exclusively in a small area of the periphery of the tumor. No nuclear palisading, myxoid stroma, or collagen rosettes were identified. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that the spindle tumor cells expressed mucin 4 and epithelial membrane antigen. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis detected mRNA expression of fused in sarcoma::CAMP-responsive element binding protein 3-like protein 2 (FUS::CREB3L2) fusion gene. Thus, a final diagnosis of LGFMS with massive degeneration and FUS::CREB3L2 fusion was made. CONCLUSION: The recognition of massive degeneration and hyalinization as unusual features of LGFMS might be helpful to differentiate it from CEH and other benign spindle-cell tumors.

DOI： 10.21873/invivo.13404

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Takuro Nishikawa, Takahiro Tomoda, Aki Nakamura, Jun Nagahama, Akihito Tanaka, Shuji Kanmura, Mari Kirishima, Akihide Tanimoto, Tsubasa Okano, Takahiro Kamiya, Kentaro Okamoto, Susumu Kirimura, Tomohiro Morio, Yasuhiro Okamoto, Hirokazu Kanegane . Case Report: The leopard sign as a potential characteristic of chronic granulomatous disease-associated colitis, unrelated to colitis severity. . Frontiers in immunology14 1208590 - 1208590 2023Reviewed International journal

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND: Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is an inborn immune disorder in which the phagocytic system cannot eradicate pathogens, and autoinflammation occurs. Approximately half of the patients have associated gastrointestinal symptoms. Although most cases with CGD-associated colitis present nonspecific histology, colonoscopy in some cases shows brownish dots over a yellowish oedematous mucosa, which is termed a "leopard sign". However, the significance of these signs remains unclear. METHODS: We collected data from patients with CGD whose colonoscopic findings showed the leopard sign. RESULTS: Three patients with CGD and leopard signs were enrolled in this study. One patient underwent colonoscopy for frequent diarrhoea and weight gain failure, and another for anal fistula. The third patient was without gastrointestinal symptoms and underwent colonoscopy as a screening test before allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Endoscopic findings showed a mild leopard sign in the first case; however, non-contiguous and diffuse aphthae were observed throughout the colon. The other two cases were unremarkable except for the leopard sign. All the patients achieved remission with oral prednisolone or HCT. One patient underwent colonoscopy after HCT; results revealed improvements in endoscopy (including the leopard sign) and histological findings. However, another patient underwent colonoscopy after prednisolone treatment; this revealed no change in the leopard sign. CONCLUSION: The leopard sign in the colon may be a characteristic endoscopic finding of CGD, even in patients who do not develop severe gastrointestinal symptoms; however, it does not reflect the severity of CGD-associated colitis.

DOI： 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1208590

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Papers - akihide Tanimoto