記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：European Journal of Clinical Nutrition  

Background: Assessing whole-body skeletal muscle mass (SMM) and fat-free mass (FFM) is essential for the adequate nutritional management and training evaluation of athletes and trained individuals. This study aimed to determine the relationship between SMM assessed using the creatine (methyl‐d3) dilution (D3-creatine) method and SMM estimated by whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in healthy young men undergoing exercise training. Additionally, we examined the association between FFM measured using the four-component (4C) method (FFM4C) and the total body protein value estimated using 4C (TBpro4C). Methods and results: We analyzed the data of 29 males (mean age, 19.9 ± 1.8 years) who exercised regularly. SMM measurements were obtained using the D3-creatine method (SMMD3-creatine) and MRI (SMMMRI). The SMMD3-creatine adjusted to 4.3 g/SMM kg was significantly higher than SMMMRI (p < 0.01). The fit of the creatine pool size compared with SMMMRI was 5.0 g/SMMMRI kg. SMMMRI was significantly correlated with both SMMD3-creatine adjusted to 4.3 g/kg and 5.1 g/kg. TBpro4C was significantly lower than SMMMRI (p < 0.01). Contrastingly, FFM4C was significantly higher than SMMMRI (p < 0.01). Conclusions: SMMD3-creatine adjusted to 4.3 g/SMM kg—a previously reported value—may differ for athletes and active young males. We believe that a value of 5.0–5.1 g/SMM kg better estimates the total muscle mass in this population. Traditional FFM estimation highly correlates with SMMMRI in well-trained young males, and the relationships appear strong enough for total body protein or SMM to be estimated through the FFM value.

DOI： 10.1038/s41430-022-01237-9

Scopus

PubMed

担当区分：筆頭著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Geriatrics (Switzerland)  

The doubly labeled water method is a gold-standard method for the measurement of total energy expenditure in daily life. We aimed to identify the relationship between measured aerobic capacity and total energy expenditure, activity energy expenditure, or physical activity level using the doubly labeled water method in adults of advanced old age. A total of 12 physically independent older adults (10 men and 2 women), aged 81–94 years, participated in this study. The aerobic capacity was evaluated according to the lactate threshold. Total energy expenditure under free-living conditions was assessed using the doubly labeled water method, and self-reported physical activity was obtained using the Japanese version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. The lactate threshold was significantly positively correlated with total energy expenditure, activity energy expenditure, and physical activity level after adjusting for age and sex. We found that the aerobic capacity of the lactate threshold was positively and independently correlated with total energy expenditure, activity energy expenditure, or physical activity level. The present results suggest that maintaining aerobic capacity is an important factor in preventing frailty, although further research is required.

DOI： 10.3390/geriatrics7020048

Scopus

PubMed

記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：Geriatrics and Gerontology International  

DOI： 10.1111/ggi.14305

Scopus

PubMed

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Nutrients  

Water and energy are essential for the human body. The doubly labeled water (DLW) method measures water turnover (WT) and total energy expenditure (TEE), which serves as a benchmark for the adequate intake (AI) of water and estimated energy requirements (EER). The objective of the current study was to examine the association of WT and TEE with physical activity and body composition in Japanese preschool children. We included 41 preschool children (22 girls, 19 boys) aged 3–6 in this study. WT, TEE, and fat-free mass (FFM) were obtained using DLW. Physical activity was measured using a triaxial accelerometer and categorized as light (LPA; 1.5–2.9 Metabolic equivalents, METs) and of moderate-to-vigorous intensity (MVPA; ≥3.0 METs). Exercise duration (Ex) was defined as ≥4.0 METs of physical activity. WT and TEE moderately positively correlated with Ex, but not with LPA. WT moderately positively correlated with BW and FFM while TEE strongly. We established predictive equations for WT and TEE using body weight (BW), FFM, step count, and Ex to guide the AI of water and EER in Japanese preschool children. We found that FFM and step count are the determinants of TEE, and that BW and Ex are the determinants of WT in preschool children.

DOI： 10.3390/nu13114169

Scopus

PubMed

記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd  

日本人において、コーヒー摂取量とサルコペニア指標(筋肉量、握力)の関連性を横断的に評価し、炎症軽減の関与について検討した。45～74歳の地域在住日本人を対象としたSaga J-MICCコホート研究の二次調査に参加した6369名(男性2360名、女性4009名)のデータを用いた。生体電気インピーダンス法により、骨格筋量指数(SMI)を評価した。習慣的コーヒー摂取量は、自記式質問票により評価した。血清高感度C反応性タンパク質(hsCRP)を炎症マーカーとした。男女ともに、コーヒー摂取量とSMIには有意な正相関が認められ、さらにhsCRPを調整後も有意性が維持された。コーヒー摂取量と握力には有意な関連性が認められなかった。コーヒー摂取により骨格筋量減少が予防できる可能性が示唆され、炎症の関与はほとんどないことが明らかとなった。

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Geriatrics and Gerontology International  

Aims: Coffee consumption has been suggested, in animal studies, to inhibit the progression of sarcopenia, possibly through its anti-inflammatory effects; however, few studies have been carried out in humans. We aimed to examine whether coffee consumption was related to indicators of sarcopenia in a Japanese population, and whether the association was mediated by reduced inflammation. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional design. Participants were community residents (n = 6369) aged 45–74 years. We measured skeletal muscle mass index (SMI; kg/m2) by a bioelectrical impedance method, and grip strength with a Smedley-type dynamometer. Habitual coffee consumption was assessed by a self-administered questionnaire. Serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein was measured as an inflammatory marker. The association between habitual coffee consumption and SMI or grip strength was analyzed with a linear regression model adjusted for covariates. Results: A significant positive association was found between coffee consumption and SMI (men: β = 0.023; Ptrend = 0.004, women: β = 0.011; Ptrend = 0.012). Further adjustment for high-sensitivity C-reactive protein did not materially alter the results (men: β = 0.023; Ptrend = 0.005, women: β = 0.009; Ptrend = 0.024). The relationship between coffee consumption and grip strength did not reach statistical significance; however, a positive trend was observed (men: β = 0.208; Ptrend = 0.085, women: β = 0.092; Ptrend = 0.167). Conclusions: We found that coffee consumption was positively associated with SMI independently of inflammation in middle-aged and older Japanese people. Reduced inflammation by coffee does not seem to be an important mediator, and further investigations are required to explore the mechanisms of this association. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; 21: 950–958.

DOI： 10.1111/ggi.14264

Scopus

PubMed

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：BMC Geriatrics  

Background: Olfactory dysfunction is associated with severe brain atrophy and cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease. However, it remains unknown whether an inability to identify particular odors is associated with physical performance, cognitive function, and/or brain atrophy in community-dwelling older adults. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 44 community-dwelling older adults were included (14 males, 30 females; mean age: 72.4 ± 5.7 years, range: 63–85 years). The Odor Stick Identification Test for Japanese, consisting of 12 odors, was used to examine olfaction. Subjects also completed physical performance (lower limb function, balance, and gait speed) and cognitive function (global cognition, logical memory, and the Trail Making Tests). Additionally, magnetic resonance imaging was used to investigate brain atrophy in the bilateral medial temporal area (MTA) and whole gray matter using the voxel-based specific regional analysis system for Alzheimer’s disease. Results: Total olfaction was not significantly associated with physical performance, cognitive function, or brain atrophy. However, MTA atrophy was associated with an inability to identify Japanese orange (B: − 0.293; β: − 0.347; p <.05) after adjusting for age and sex (R2: 0.328; adjusted R2: 0.277). Subjects who were unable to identify Japanese orange (n = 30) had worse MTA atrophy than those who were able to identify Japanese orange (n = 14), even after adjusting for covariates (p <.05). Conclusions: Total olfaction was not associated with physical performance, cognitive function, or brain atrophy. However, an inability to identify Japanese orange odor was independently associated with mild MTA atrophy among community-dwelling older adults.

DOI： 10.1186/s12877-021-02363-y

Scopus

PubMed

掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Springer Science and Business Media LLC  

DOI： 10.1007/s12603-020-1449-6

その他リンク： http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12603-020-1449-6/fulltext.html

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

PURPOSE: To evaluate the hydration of fat-free mass (FFM) in athletes and non-athletes. METHODS: We analyzed the data of 128 healthy young adults (athletes: 61 men, 36 women; non-athletes: 19 men, 12 women) using the two-component (2C), 3C and 4C models. Under-water weighing or air-displacement plethysmography and deuterium dilution methods were used for estimating body density and total body water, respectively. The bone mineral content (BMC) was determined using whole-body scans by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in FFM hydration between the athletes (men, 72.3 ± 1.3%; women, 71.8 ± 1.3%) and non-athletes (men, 72.1 ± 1.2%; women, 72.2% ± 1.0%) in the 3C model. The total mean FFM hydration (72.1% ± 1.3%) was similar to the corresponding value in the literature (~ 73%). The estimation error of the percentage fat by the 2C vs the 4C model was significantly and highly correlated with hydration (r = 0.96), BMC (r = - 0.70), and total body protein (r = - 0.86) in the 4C model FFM. CONCLUSION: Although FFM hydration was similar in athletes and non-athletes, it would be underestimated or overestimated when the 2C model is used for evaluation, and the biological FFM hydration value deviates from the 73% value inter-individually. Despite that this inter-individual variation in FFM hydration is low in terms of between-individual standard deviation (1.3%), the BMC and total body protein differ greatly in athletes, and when it affects FFM hydration, it may also affect the percentage fat measurement in the 2C model. Thus, FFM hydration would not be affected by FFM, percent body fat, or the athletic status.

DOI： 10.1007/s00421-020-04356-y

PubMed

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.3390/nu11112595

PubMed

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Prior studies have examined offshore sailing and energy strategies using accurate total energy expenditure (TEE) measurement in free-living conditions. However, no research has studied energy and water requirement during dinghy class sailing such as an Olympic event with concentrated training. This study aimed to investigate the TEE, physical activity level (PAL), and water turnover (rH2O) of collegiate dinghy sailors in a training camp using the doubly labeled water (DLW) method. Eleven dinghy sailing collegiate athletes (9 males and 2 females) participated. The DLW method was used to determine the participants' TEE and PAL over 8 days (6 training, 2 non-training days). Participants trained approximately 7 h/day on water. Body fat was measured using a stable-isotope dilution method. The rH2O was estimated using deuterium turnover. The mean TEE, PAL, and rH2O were 17.30 ± 4.22 MJ/day (4133 ± 1009 kcal/day), 2.8 ± 0.3 (range, 2.1 to 4.1), and 3.3±0.7 (range, 2.6 to 4.5) L/day, respectively. To our knowledge, this was the first study to use the DLW method to determine TEE, PAL, and rH2O as references for competitive dinghy sailors in a spring training camp. Our results may serve as a reference to assist competitive dinghy sailors in determining their required nutritional support.

DOI： 10.1123/ijsnem.2018-0204

PubMed

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1055/a-0965-1374

PubMed

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1139/apnm-2018-0450

PubMed

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Inconsistent associations have been reported between perceived stress and C-reactive protein (CRP), a marker of systemic inflammation. We previously observed a male-specific inverse relationship between perceived stress and CRP in a cross-sectional study. In the present study, we examined the longitudinal association between changes in perceived stress and CRP, and further analyzed whether changes in coping strategies and social support modify this association. This study included 8454 participants in both a baseline survey and a follow-up survey 5 years later. Psychosocial measures (i.e. perceived stress, coping strategies, and social support) and CRP concentrations were measured by identical means in both surveys. Consistent with our previous findings, increased perceived stress was significantly associated with lower CRP in men (ptrend = .037), but not in women. Increased "emotional expression," a coping strategy, was also associated with lower CRP in women (ptrend = .024). Furthermore, interactions between perceived stress and a coping strategy (positive reappraisal) or social support on CRP were found in men (pinteraction = .007 and .038, respectively); the above inverse association between stress and CRP was not detected for participants with diminished positive reappraisal or social support. In conclusion, increases in perceived stress during a 5-year period were associated with decreases in CRP among healthy men, and the observed association was possibly modified by coping strategy or social support.

DOI： 10.1080/10253890.2018.1435638

PubMed

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：東京 : 日本スポーツ栄養研究会  

【目的】1週間の短期間減量プログラムにおける運動介入と高たんぱく質に設定した場合の低炭水化物(LC)食または高炭水化物(HC)食による食事制限がアスリートの身体組成に及ぼす影響を明らかにすることを目的とした。【方法】本研究の対象者は、大学の運動部に所属し、週5日以上のトレーニングを行っている健康な若年成人11名(男性7名、女性4名)とした。対象者はLC群6名、HC群5名に無作為に割り付けられた。減量期間は7日間とし、両群とも日々のトレーニングに加え、1回40分のスロージョギングを1日2回実施した。食事は1日3食の制限食を提供した(理想体重×20kcal・day-1)。たんぱく質摂取量は体重あたり1.4～1.5g・kg-1とし、炭水化物の割合は、LC群30%、HC群50%に設定した。身体組成は重水素希釈法、総エネルギー消費量の測定には二重標識水法を用いた。【結果】1週間の減量においてLC群とHC群ともに減量前と比較し体重および体脂肪量が減少した(P<0.05)。体重(LC群;-1.9±1.0、HC群;-1.8±1.0kg)および体脂肪量(LC群;-1.9±1.0、HC群;-1.4±0.9kg)の変化量に群間での有意差は認められなかった。除脂肪量はそれぞれ減量前と比較して有意な変化は認められず、変化量の群間における有意差も認められなかった。エネルギー摂取量、総エネルギー消費量の群間での差は認められなかった。【結論】本研究の短期間減量プログラムにおける運動介入と高たんぱく質に設定された低炭水化物食または高炭水化物食による食事制限は身体組成へ同程度の影響を与える可能性が示唆された。(著者抄録)

CiNii Books

その他リンク： https://ndlsearch.ndl.go.jp/books/R000000004-I028835858

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：WILEY-BLACKWELL  

Physical activity (PA) is recommended to both promote and maintain health and prevent cancer by improving the body's DNA repair system, which is considered a mechanism of cancer prevention. However, associations between PA and urinary levels of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG), which reflects DNA damage, are unclear. This cross-sectional study included 2370 men and 4052 women aged 45-74years enrolled between 2010 and 2012. Habitual PA was assessed by single-axis accelerometer and urinary 8-OH-dG levels by automated HPLC. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between log-transformed urinary 8-OH-dG and total PA (TPA) and PA of moderate/vigorous intensity (MVPA; 3 metabolic equivalents), with adjustment for age, body mass index, energy intake, alcohol consumption, smoking status, daily coffee drinking, menopause status (in women), and TPA (for MVPA). On multivariate adjustment, urinary 8-OH-dG levels were inversely correlated with TPA (=-0.020, P&lt;0.01) in women, and this correlation was not changed by PA intensity. Conversely, urinary 8-OH-dG levels were inversely correlated with MVPA (=-0.022, P&lt;0.05) in men, although the correlation with TPA was non-significant. This inverse correlation was clearer in current smokers than in never or former smokers, although the interaction between smoking status and MVPA on urinary 8-OH-dG levels was non-significant. In conclusion, greater TPA in women and greater MVPA in men were correlated with reduction in urinary 8-OH-dG, suggesting sex-specific effects of MVPA and TPA on protection from oxidative DNA damage. Increasing PA may mediate reduction in oxidative stress.

DOI： 10.1111/cas.13070

Web of Science

PubMed

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：JAPAN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASSOC  

Background: Non-participation in second surveys is reported to be associated with certain baseline characteristics; however, such data are unavailable for Japanese populations. Although disease incidence during follow-up might influence participation, few reports have addressed this possibility. This study sought to identify factors associated with non-participation in a second survey of a population-based cohort, and to evaluate the influence of self-reported disease incidence on non-participation.
Methods: After excluding participants who left the area (n = 423), died (n = 163), and withdrew from the study (n = 9) among 12 078 participants in a baseline survey for the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort Study in the Saga region between 2005 and 2007, 11 483 people were invited by mail to participate in a face-to-face second survey between 2010 and 2012. The 5-year clinical health history of non-participants was assessed by mail or telephone. Baseline characteristics and self-reported clinical outcomes of non-participants were compared with those of participants.
Results: Among 11 483 people, 8454 (73.6%) participated in the second survey, and 2608 out of 3029 non-participants answered mail or telephone health surveys. Female sex, youngest and oldest ages, lower education, lower occupational class, current smoking, lower physical activity level, shorter sleep time, obesity, and constipation were associated with non-participation. Light drinking (0.1-22.9 g ethanol/day) was associated with participation. Non-participants reported a significantly higher incidence of cancer and a significantly lower proportion of hypertension compared with participants.
Conclusions: Both baseline characteristics and disease incidence during the follow-up period had significant associations with non-participation in the face-to-face second survey.

DOI： 10.2188/jea.JE20140116

Web of Science

PubMed

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本疫学会  

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：福岡大学研究推進部  

application/pdf

CiNii Books

その他リンク： http://id.ndl.go.jp/bib/031979708

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本サルコペニア・フレイル学会  

J-GLOBAL

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：日本健康支援学会  

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：一般社団法人日本体力医学会  

小学校高学年児童における朝食の摂取頻度・食事構成が身体活動と関連するか検討した。小学校5年生男子45名、女子44名、6年生男子77名、女子76名とその保護者を対象に、朝食摂取状況、身体活動について質問紙調査を行った。さらに、新体力テスト実施要項に記載された手順・評価方法に従い、身体的行動体力を評価した。朝食の摂取頻度に関して「ほとんど毎日食べる」と回答した児童は男子108人、女子112人、「1週間に2～3日食べないことがある」は男子9人、女子4人、「1週間に4～5日食べないことがある」は男子1人、女子1人、「ほとんど食べない」は男子4人、女子3人であった。男女ともに朝食を毎日摂取しているか否かは身体活動水準と有意な関連性を認めなかった。ただし、食事構成に着目すると、女子において「主食」「主菜」「副菜」さらに「汁物」を含む朝食を摂取している児童はそれを充足しない食事構成の児童と比べて身体活動水準が高い者が多かった。

DOI： 10.7600/jspfsm.69.269

CiNii Books

その他リンク： https://ndlsearch.ndl.go.jp/books/R000000004-I030474242

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本栄養・食糧学会  

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本衛生学会  

記述言語：日本語  

J-GLOBAL

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本体力医学会  

J-GLOBAL

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本体力医学会  

J-GLOBAL

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：西九州大学短期大学部  

高齢者の学習意欲と体力に着目し、平成22年度に短期大学部健康福祉生涯学習センター・エルダーカレッジを受講した高齢者のうち研究に同意した65歳以上の専攻科学生25名(男性12名、女性13名、67.3±4.8歳)を対象に、QOLと脚伸展力および骨密度の関係を検討した。各平均値はQOL得点が3.7±0.9pt、片足脚伸展力が58.8±6.2kg、骨密度が109.9±11.2%であった。QOL得点と骨密度において男女間に有意差が認められなかったが、脚伸展力のみ男女間に有意差が認められた。QOL得点と脚伸展力間およびQOL得点と骨密度間において有意な相関が認められた。全体のQOL得点および脚伸展力については同年代の平均値と比較して非常に高値を示した。

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語  

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：岩手県盛岡市  

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：ポスター発表  

開催地：松山大学  

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：ポスター発表  

開催地：兵庫医療大学  

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：福岡大学  

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：ポスター発表  

開催地：岐阜県岐阜市 長良川国際会議場・岐阜都ホテル  

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：ポスター発表  

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：ポスター発表  

開催地：福岡大学  

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：ポスター発表  

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：宮崎県宮崎市 宮崎公立大学  

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：松山大学  

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

記述言語：英語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

記述言語：英語   会議種別：ポスター発表  

記述言語：英語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：鹿児島大学医学部・鶴陵会館