Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Older adults are more likely to have age-related sleep problems, which may result in the reduction of cognitive functions. This study was designed to examine the relationship between sleep onset problem and subjective cognitive complaints (SCC) among community-dwelling older adults during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. In this study, 186 older adults aged 65 and above were enrolled and were instructed to respond to an online survey. This survey comprised questions regarding sleep quality (four items such as sleep duration, use of sleep medication), SCC (six domains), and sociodemographic information (eight items such as age, gender, stress condition). We classified the participants into two groups according to the presence or absence of sleep onset problem and examined the relationship between each SCC domain. The sleep onset problem (+) (n = 70) group had significantly higher frequency of scheduled memory decline, misplacement, disorientation in time, word recall decline, and forgetfulness. Furthermore, the sleep onset problem affected the participants' scheduled memory after adjusted for potential covariates (OR, 2.28; 95%CI, 1.13-4.73; p = 0.02). Older adults with sleep onset problem may need to be evaluated for SCC and supported in term of both sleep status and SCC.

DOI： 10.3390/ijerph20010156

Scopus

PubMed

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(株)北隆館  

主観的もの忘れを訴える高齢者の中には特定の生活行為に制限が生じている者がおり、その背景には視覚探索機能低下の影響が考えられる。そこで本稿では主観的もの忘れの時期から低下しやすい生活行為の特徴とそれらの生活行為と視線行動との関連性について著者らが行っている研究の一部を紹介する。(著者抄録)

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：MDPI AG  

Patients with heart disease are more likely to experience social frailty due to physical inactivity, which may affect meaningful activities such as hobbies. This study aimed to investigate (1) the association between heart disease and social frailty in community-dwelling older adults and (2) the characteristics of meaningful activities in community-dwelling older adults with heart disease. Data from 630 older adults who participated in a community-based health survey were obtained, including clinical history, meaningful activities, social frailty and psychosomatic functions. Participants were divided into two groups: those with heart disease (n = 79) and those without (n = 551), and comparisons were made. Social frailty was observed in 23.7% of participants with heart disease, and logistic regression revealed significant associations with heart disease and social frailty after adjusting for potential covariates (OR, 1.97; 95% CI, 1.06 3.67; p = 0.032). Participants with heart disease did not differ significantly in terms of satisfaction or performance; their frequency of engagement in meaningful activities was significantly lower than without heart disease (p = 0.041). These results suggest that heart disease and social frailty are associated in community-dwelling older adults, and that this demographic is inclined to engage in meaningful activities less frequently.

DOI： 10.3390/ijerph192215167

Scopus

PubMed

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(株)ワールドプランニング  

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(株)ワールドプランニング  

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Wiley  

DOI： 10.1111/psyg.12894

Scopus

PubMed

Other Link： https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/psyg.12894

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本認知症学会  

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本認知症学会  

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本作業療法士協会  

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本作業療法士協会  

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本作業療法士協会  

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本作業療法士協会  

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本作業療法士協会  

Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

AIM: Older adults with subjective memory complaints (SMC) may experience very minor difficulties in daily activities. Although caregivers and occupational therapists who support community-dwelling older adults are aware of the existence of characteristic behaviours related to refrigerator management, no specific studies have been conducted. This study aimed to examine the implications of refrigerator management for older adults with SMC. METHODS: A self-administered questionnaire was sent to 3000 randomly selected members of Consumer's Co-operative Kagoshima. Of the returned responses, a total of 282 older adults were analyzed. Analyzed subjects were divided into two groups: SMC (+) group (n = 74) and SMC (-) group (n = 192). A questionnaire was created by four occupational therapists and used to assess the characteristics of analyzed subjects and their abilities to manage the refrigerator. The observation list for early signs of dementia was also utilised. A multiple logistic analysis was performed to examine the association between SMC and refrigerator management. RESULTS: The SMC (+) group had a significantly higher number of refrigerator management errors than the SMC (-) group (P = 0.008). The SMC (+) group had more errors than the SMC (-) group in the following four items regarding refrigerator management; the refrigerator has a lot of the same foods / expired food, the person does not know what's in the refrigerator, the person cannot find what he/she needs in the refrigerator. Moreover, SMC was associated with the item 'the person does not know what is in the refrigerator' (odds ratio 7.44, 95% CI 1.51-43.8, P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed that older adults with SMC had several problems regarding refrigerator management. Evaluating refrigerator management among older adults with SMC may help consider multifaceted support.

DOI： 10.1111/psyg.12893

Scopus

PubMed

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Cambridge University Press (CUP)  

ABSTRACT

Objectives:

To clarify the characteristic of impaired and unimpaired Instrumental Activities of daily living (IADL) processes with the severity of cognitive impairment in community-dwelling older adults with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) using the Process Analysis of Daily Activity for Dementia (PADA-D).

Design:

Cross-sectional study.

Setting:

13 medical and care centers in Japan.

Participants:

115 community-dwelling older adults with AD.

Methods:

The severity of cognitive impairment was classified by Mini-Mental State Examination (20 ≥ mild group, 20 < moderate group ≥ 10, 10 < severe group), and IADL scores and eight IADL items in PADA-D were compared among three groups after adjusting for covariates. Rate of five feasible processes included in each IADL of PADA-D was compared.

Results:

IADL score showed a decrease in independence with the severity of AD except for Use modes of transportation and Managing finances, which was especially pronounced in Shopping (F = 25.58), Ability to use the telephone (F = 16.75), and Managing medication (F = 13.1). However, when the PADA-D was examined by process, some processes that were impaired and unimpaired with the severity of cognitive impairment were clear. For example, Plan a meal was impaired (ES = 0.29) with the severity, but Prepare the food was not in Cooking performance.

Conclusions:

We suggested that detailed process analysis in IADLs can clarify the characteristic of processes that are impaired and unimpaired with the severity of cognitive impairment in older adults with AD living in the community. Our findings may be useful for rehabilitation and care in IADL to continue living at home.

DOI： 10.1017/s1041610222000552

PubMed

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Wiley  

DOI： 10.1111/psyg.12867

Scopus

PubMed

Other Link： https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/psyg.12867

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(株)三輪書店  

＜文献概要＞本研究の目的は,地域在住高齢者が重要とする作業種目について,性別・年代別の特徴を大規模横断研究にて分析することである.地域コホート研究に参加した60〜89歳の高齢者のうち,重要な作業に関するデータが得られた1,002名を解析対象とした.作業選択意思決定支援ソフト(Aid for Decision-making in Occupation Choice:ADOC)を用いて,参加者が選択した最も重要な作業種目について,作業カテゴリ別に件数を集計し,χ2検定および残差分析を用いて性別と年代別の比較を行った.さらに,有意差がみられた作業カテゴリについて,具体的作業種目を集計した.その結果,女性は屋内活動や対人交流を含む作業を,男性は仕事や趣味活動を重要な作業としており,壮年期は仕事,超高齢期は社会活動を重要な作業としていた.これは,高齢化先進都市における地域在住高齢者の重要とする作業についての基礎的資料であり,性別や年齢を考慮した作業に基づく実践の重要性を示唆するものである.

Other Link： https://search-tp.jamas.or.jp/index.php?module=Default&action=Link&pub_year=2022&ichushi_jid=J02304&link_issn=&doc_id=20220510110024&doc_link_id=10.11477%2Fmf.5001202973&url=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.11477%2Fmf.5001202973&type=%88%E3%8F%91.jp_%83I%81%5B%83%8B%83A%83N%83Z%83X&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00024_2.gif

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.archger.2022.104665

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PubMed

Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Geriatric Therapy Society  

DOI： 10.57270/jgts.2022_004

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.archger.2021.104616

Scopus

PubMed

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

BACKGROUND: The psychological condition and frequency of going out (FGO) of community-dwelling older adults after the spread of COVID-19 will provide insights for supporting the daily lives of community-dwelling older adults. Going out is defined as moving from one's own home to a place or region beyond one's own home and is considered to reflect the daily and social life of community-dwelling older adults. This study investigates the relationship between the FGO and current psychological condition after the second wave of COVID-19 in community-dwelling older adults in Japan. METHODS: This study adopted a self-administered questionnaire by mail. A total of 493 members of CO-OP Kagoshima were included in the analysis and divided into two groups according to the change in FGO. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted after a bivariate analysis to investigate the relationship between the FGO and psychological condition. RESULTS: Significant differences were noted between the groups with decreased FGO and those with increased/unchanged FGO in general and pandemic-related psychological condition. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed a significant relationship between FGO and psychological condition, such as mental fatigue, not smiling as much as before, and anxiousness to go outside. CONCLUSION: Community-dwelling older adults may have experienced a decrease in the frequency of going out and a detrimental effect on their psychological condition after the COVID-19 pandemic. This finding may inform strategies to identify priorities for psychological approaches altered by COVID-19 to prevent confinement and stress in older adults.

DOI： 10.3390/healthcare10030439

Scopus

PubMed

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to analyse the differences in meaningful activities and psychosomatic function depending on the driving status of community-dwelling older adults. Data from 594 older adults were obtained, including activities meaningful to individuals and psychosomatic functions, such as grip strength, depression, cognitive function, and ability of activity. Participants were divided into active driving (n = 549) and after driving cessation (n = 45) groups. In addition, the active driving group was operationally divided into three groups: high-frequency group (n = 387), medium group (n = 119), and infrequent group (n = 42). In the after driving cessation group, grip strength, and Japan Science and Technology Agency Index of Competence scores were significantly lower. Furthermore, the proportion of apathy and physical and social frailty was significantly higher in the after driving cessation group. Regarding meaningful activity, domestic life scores in the after driving cessation group were significantly higher than those of the active driving group. Decreased driving frequency in the active driving group was associated with weak muscle strength, lack of interest, and low activity. This study demonstrated that meaningful activity differed based on the driving status. Hence, we should support the activities of older adults who are considering driving cessation.

DOI： 10.3390/ijerph182413270

Scopus

PubMed

Publisher：三輪書店  

DOI： 10.11477/mf.5001202798

Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本作業療法研究学会  

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Regular exercise may be associated with better self-rated health and sleep status. However, this correlation among various age groups, such as young, middle-aged, and older people, as well as during the COVID-19 pandemic, has not been examined. This study examined the correlation between regular exercise and self-rated health and sleep quality among adults in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected using an online survey conducted between February 26 and 27, 2021. A total of 1410 adults in Japan (age range, 20-86 years) completed the online survey. Regular exercise was divided into: (1) more than 30 min of moderate exercise a day, (2) more than 2 days per week, and (3) continuous for 1 year or longer. Self-rated health and sleep quality were assessed using the Likert scale. After adjusting for multiple confounders, regular exercise was correlated with decreased poor self-rated health and poor sleep quality in middle-aged adults; however, no significant correlation was observed among young and older adults. The promotion of regular exercise among middle-aged people during the COVID-19 pandemic may contribute to better self-rated health and sleep quality status.

DOI： 10.3390/ijerph181910515

Scopus

PubMed

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

INTRODUCTION: The ability to use everyday technology (ET) is becoming increasingly necessary for maintaining domestic and social lives. For older adults, difficulties with using ETs can begin at the mild cognitive impairment (MCI) state and may indicate increasing cognitive decline. The aim of this study was to conduct a detailed investigation into the ability to use ETs among Japanese older community-dwelling adults at 3 stages of cognitive function and the ability to carry out daily activities. METHOD: We analyzed family members' responses to questions about older adults with cognitive decline in their families. A total of 168 older adults with subjective memory complaints (SMC) or cognitive decline and inconvenience in daily life were analyzed. A questionnaire was used to assess the characteristics, ability to use ETs, and ability to manage refrigerator contents, all of which can be early signs of dementia. Participants were divided 3 groups by the type of dementia: SMC (n = 77), MCI (n = 36), and Alzheimer's disease (AD) (n = 55) for comparison. RESULT: The observation list of early signs of dementia (OLD) total score indicated a significant positive correlation with the number of ET errors (r = 0.37, p < 0.001) and number of difficulties with refrigerator management (r = 0.18, p = 0.031). Regarding number of ET errors, there was a significant main effect for the 3 groups, and the SMC group made significantly fewer errors than the AD group (p = 0.02). In 7 of the 11 ET categories, errors with using ETs were associated with all 3 groups, with the SMC group making fewer errors, and the AD group making more. Regarding difficulties with refrigerator management, 2 out of 9 problems were associated with the 3 groups, with the SMC group having fewer difficulties and the AD group having more. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: The results indicated that the ability to use ETs and to manage refrigerator contents begins to decline at the SMC stage. Further evaluation of the ability to use ETs is needed for older adults with SMC so that adequate support in the context of the individual can be provided.

DOI： 10.1159/000518390

Scopus

PubMed

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本作業療法士協会  

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本作業療法士協会  

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本作業療法士協会  

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本作業療法士協会  

Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本作業療法研究学会  

Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本作業療法研究学会  

Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本作業療法研究学会  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

OBJECTIVES: This cross-sectional study aimed to clarify the relationship between apathy, meaningful activities, and satisfaction with such activities of older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). METHODS: We analyzed 235 older adults with MCI (≥65 years, mean age: 76.9 ± 6.4 years, women: 63.4%) who participated in a community-based health check survey (Tarumizu Study 2018). MCI was defined as at least 1.5 SD below the reference threshold (age- and education-adjusted score) on one or more of the computerized cognitive test including memory, attention, executive functions, and processing speed. Apathy symptoms were assessed using three of the 15 items of Geriatric Depression Scale. Participants selected meaningful activities from the 95 activities of the Aid for Decision-Making in Occupation Choice and evaluated their satisfaction and performance. RESULTS: Apathy in MCI was prevalent by 23.8%. The categories of meaningful activities revealed no difference, with, or without apathy. Logistic regression analysis showed that activity satisfaction was significantly associated with apathy after adjusting for age, sex, education, instrumental activities of daily living, depressive symptoms, and MCI subtype (OR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.44-0.88, p = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS: Satisfaction with the activities that are deemed meaningful is associated with apathy among community-dwelling older adults with MCI.

DOI： 10.1002/gps.5544

Scopus

PubMed

Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.3390/jcm9051537

PubMed

Language：English   Publishing type：Doctoral thesis  

DOI： 10.3390/ijerph16142617

DOI： 10.3390/jcm9030795

PubMed

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：KARGER  

Background/Aims:Age-related changes in impairments in activities of daily living (ADL) in older adults with very mild Alzheimer's disease (vmAD) have been scarcely explored. We clarified the characteristics of ADL impairment and examined how ADL impairments differed by age in such patients compared with community-dwelling cognitively normal older adults.Methods:The participants were 107 older adults with vmAD (Mini-Mental State Examination [MMSE] score >= 24), all of whom were first-visit outpatients at the Dementia Clinic of the Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kumamoto University Hospital. The controls were 682 community-dwelling older adults who participated in the 3rd Nakayama Study with MMSE score >= 24. We examined the association of instrumental and basic ADL (IADL and BADL, respectively) independence with the odds of vmAD using multiple logistic regression analysis and determined differences in ADL impairment by age using age- and sex-matched analysis.Results:Impairments in handling finances (OR 57.08), managing medication (OR 5.13), and dressing (OR 3.35; BADL) were associated with greater odds of vmAD. Among those aged 65 years and above, there were fewer patients with vmAD than healthy controls who could independently handle finances and medication. Among patients with vmAD, the percentages of those who could independently manage shopping, food preparation, and housekeeping only decreased after age 74. Age-related decreases in independence were observed in few BADL items; these, however, were temporary.Conclusions:Patients with vmAD show significantly decreased IADL independence from early old age.

DOI： 10.1159/000506281

Web of Science

Scopus

PubMed

Publisher：(株)ワールドプランニング  

今回筆者らは、地域在住の認知症者が自立した日常生活を送ることができるよう、必要とされる生活行為の具体化、および施行するリハビリテーションの焦点化を図ることを目的に、認知機能の低下に伴う各生活行為の障害を工程レベルで分析できる生活行為工程分析表(Process Analysis of Daily Activity for Dementia;PADA-D)を開発した。本研究では、地域在住の52人のアルツハイマー病(AD)患者を対象にPADA-Dを実施し、信頼性と妥当性を検討した。その結果、PADA-Dの総合得点およびIADL得点は、PSMS、Lawton IADL、HADLSと0.8以上の高い有意な相関が認められ、基準関連妥当性が確認された。また、Cronbachのα係数は、全体で0.96、BADLは0.94、IADLは0.90であり、高い内部一貫性が認められた。以上より、地域在住AD患者における生活行為工程分析表のADL観察評価としての有用性が示唆されたが、実用化に向けては他の信頼性、妥当性の検討が必要であると考えられた。(著者抄録)

Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.3390/ijerph16142617

Publisher：(一社)日本作業療法士協会  

独居高齢者は孤立リスクや精神的不安を抱えており,自己の健康管理が必要との報告がある.本研究では要介護認定を受けた独居高齢者の生活実態と主観的健康観(以下,SRH)を調査した.対象者をSRHの高さで2群に分け比較したところ,年齢,情緒的・機能的支援者の有無,婚姻状況,IADLでGood SRH群の方が高値であった.要介護認定を受けた独居高齢者が生活を継続するにはADLが修正自立以上であり,良好なSRHを得るためには情緒的・機能的支援者がいて,IADLでは屋内家事は十分に,屋外家事もある程度行えることが重要である.作業療法士は独居高齢者の支援のために,ADL機能の変化,IADLの遂行頻度,情緒的・機能的支援者の状況の把握が必要である.(著者抄録)

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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