Language：Japanese   Publisher：Frontiers in Neuroscience  

Introduction: Occlusal disharmony induced by deteriorating oral health conditions, such as tooth loss and decreased masticatory muscle due to sarcopenia, is one of the causes of cognitive impairment. Chewing is an essential oral function for maintaining cognitive function not only in the elderly but also in young people. Malocclusion is an occlusal disharmony that commonly occurs in children. The connection between a decline in cognitive function and malocclusion in children has been shown with chronic mouth breathing, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, and thumb/digit sucking habits. However, the mechanism of malocclusion-induced cognitive decline is not fully understood. We recently reported an association between feeding-related neuropeptides and cognitive decline in adolescent mice with activity-based anorexia. The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of malocclusion on cognitive behavior and clarify the connection between cognitive decline and hypothalamic feeding-related neuropeptides in adolescent mice with malocclusion. Methods: Four-week-old mice were randomly assigned to the sham-operated solid diet-fed (Sham/solid), sham-operated powder diet-fed (Sham/powder), or malocclusion-operated powder diet-fed (Malocclusion/powder) group. We applied composite resin to the mandibular anterior teeth to simulate malocclusion. We evaluated cognitive behavior using a novel object recognition (NOR) test, measured hypothalamic feeding-related neuropeptide mRNA expression levels, and enumerated c-Fos-positive cells in the hypothalamus 1 month after surgery. We also evaluated the effects of central antibody administration on cognitive behavior impairment in the NOR test. Results: The NOR indices were lower and the agouti-related peptide (AgRP) mRNA levels and number of c-Fos-positive cells were higher in the malocclusion/powder group than in the other groups. The c-Fos-positive cells were also AgRP-positive. We observed that the central administration of anti-AgRP antibody significantly increased the NOR indices. Discussion: The present study suggests that elevated cerebral AgRP signaling contributes to malocclusion-induced cognitive decline in adolescents, and the suppression of AgRP signaling can be a new therapeutic target against cognitive decline in occlusal disharmony.

DOI： 10.3389/fnins.2023.1156523

Scopus

PubMed

Language：Japanese   Publisher：九州矯正歯科学会  

近年,歯科矯正用アンカースクリューを用いた治療により,矯正歯科治療方法の選択肢が広がっている.我々は,上下顎前突症例のマルチブラケット装置による治療において,歯科矯正用アンカースクリューを用いて上下顎歯列の遠心移動を行い,非抜歯による治療で良好な結果が得られたため報告する.患者は初診時年齢が24歳3ヵ月の女性で,主訴は上顎前歯が出ていることと下顎前歯部の叢生であった.上下顎前突の改善のために,歯科矯正用アンカースクリューによる上下顎歯列の遠心移動を行った.動的治療期間は1年6ヵ月で上顎歯列は約3.5mm遠心移動,下顎歯列は約2.5mm遠心移動した.保定2年後も概ね良好な咬合を維持している.(著者抄録)

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(公社)日本矯正歯科学会  

上顎前歯の突出,口唇閉鎖不全および前歯部の咀嚼障害を主訴に来院した初診時年齢16歳5ヵ月の女性にマルチブラケット装置による矯正歯科治療を行い,良好な治療結果を得たので報告する.患者は過大なoverjetを伴う骨格性II級を呈していた.口蓋正中に歯科矯正用アンカースクリューを植立し,上顎両側第一小臼歯を抜去して,前歯の圧下を伴う後方移動を行った.上顎前歯の移動量は大きかったが,歯根吸収はわずかであった.保定開始から2年6ヵ月が経過し,機能的にも良好な咬合が獲得された.(著者抄録)

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(公社)日本矯正歯科学会  

オトガイの右方偏位と口裂の右上がりを主訴に来院した初診時年齢25歳3ヵ月の女性にマルチブラケット装置を使用して上下顎同時移動術を含めた外科的矯正治療を行い,良好な治療結果を得たので報告する.患者は下顎左側第二大臼歯を欠如しており,咬合平面の右上がりの傾斜,オトガイの右方偏位を呈していた.右側顎関節はクリッキングと関節円板の前外方転位を認めた.術前矯正治療にて,上顎両側第一小臼歯,下顎右側第一小臼歯を抜去し,上顎骨はLe Fort I型骨切り術,下顎骨は下顎枝矢状分割術を行い,非対称の改善を行った.治療後,最大開閉口時の右方偏位は改善し,保定期間中に咬合力の増加が認められた.保定3年7ヵ月を経過しているが,良好な咬合を維持している.(著者抄録)

Language：Japanese  

Language：Japanese  

Language：Japanese  

Language：Japanese  

Award type：International academic award (Japan or overseas)  Country：Japan

Award type：International academic award (Japan or overseas)  Country：Japan