Faculty Profiles - HATA Kunihiko

Tarno H., Setiawan Y., Mubarokah ‘.F., Priatna A.K., Rosidah F., Wang J., Hata K. . Effect of habitat management on arthropod community in crab apple orchards (Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill.) in Indonesia . Biocontrol Science and Technology34 ( 9 ) 828 - 842 2024

Language：Japanese Publisher：Biocontrol Science and Technology

Crab apple (Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill.) is native to Central Europe and successfully commercially grown in Indonesia. Management practices that increase biodiversity in agroecosystems are essential for mediating the negative impacts of intensive agriculture. This study aims to compare arthropod abundance and diversity between grass ground cover and Hydrangea intercropping in crab apple orchards and assess their impact on arthropod functional groups providing ecosystem services. In this study, arthropods were sampled using three types of traps, i.e. pitfall trap, yellow sticky trap, and pan trap. Arthropod specimens were identified by order and family, then categorised by their ecological role: detritivore, omnivore, herbivore, the natural enemy (predator and parasitoid), and pollinator. Our study collected 164 families belonging to the five examined functional groups. We found that the family composition of arthropods was significantly different between Hydrangea intercropping and grass ground cover in crab apple orchards. Grass ground cover supports the increase of herbivore and natural enemy populations and it’s related to enhancing biological control. In addition, Hydrangea intercropping increases pollinator species richness and contributes to pollination services. Pest management in crab apple orchards may benefit from a combination of grass ground cover to encourage natural enemies and Hydrangea intercropping to increase pollinators.

DOI： 10.1080/09583157.2024.2383290

Tarno H., Sipayung J., Setiawan Y., Putra A.M., Wang J., Hata K. . Population density of plant-parasitic nematodes in rice fields associated with environmental variables in Malang, Indonesia . Cogent Food and Agriculture10 ( 1 ) 2024

Language：Japanese Publisher：Cogent Food and Agriculture

Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) are significant agricultural pests that cause substantial crop losses globally. This study investigated the abundance and distribution of PPNs concerning elevation in rice fields in Malang District, East Java, Indonesia. Nematodes were sampled across elevation gradients between 0 to over 1000 meters above sea level (masl). Pratylenchus, Aphelenchoides, and Longidorus, were found in the soil and rice roots in Malang District. Pratylenchus dominated the relative abundance of PPNs in the soil at 0–400 masl, whereas Longidorus dominated at 600 to > 1000 masl. In rice root samples, Pratylenchus sp. also dominated at 0–400 masl and Longidorus was dominated at 800-100 masl. The population density of Pratylenchus negatively correlated to elevation, pH, soil organic matter, and carbon organic. However, soil temperature positively correlated with the population density of Pratylenchus. Elevation and pH showed a negative influence on the population density of Aphelenchoides, whereas soil temperature showed a positive influence on the population density of Aphelenchoides. Soil temperature negatively correlated to the population density of Longidorus, whereas elevation and soil humidity positively influenced the population density of Longidorus. However, the population density of Longidorus increased with higher elevation and soil humidity. Understanding the specific relationships between PPN populations and environmental factors is essential for developing effective pest management strategies. Targeted approaches that consider these ecological dynamics can help mitigate crop damage and enhance rice production in varying environmental conditions, especially in the Java region.

DOI： 10.1080/23311932.2024.2411449

Hata Kunihiko, Ohyama Hiromitsu, Sone Koichi . Spore Density of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in the Forest Soils of Kagoshima Prefecture . Journal of the Japanese Forest Society105 ( 8 ) 275 - 283 2023.8

Language：Japanese Publisher：The Japanese Forest Society

This study aimed to detect arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal spores in the forest soil and investigate fluctuations in spore density over time. Soil samples were collected from 11 sites in Kagoshima Prefecture between June and November 2014 and subjected to spore extraction using the wet-sieving method. The spores produced by AM fungi were detected in samples from 10 locations, but none were found in the soil collected from a pine forest near the active crater of Sakurajima. Low spore densities were observed in samples from three sites, including one located near the Sakurajima crater. At locations where significant seasonal changes in the spore density of AM fungi were observed, spore density was high in June, decreased afterward, and remained low until November. No significant correlation was observed between spore density and distance from the nearest pine tree or distance from Miscanthus sinensis in pine forests. Furthermore, we observed no significant difference in spore density between the soil samples collected from beneath AM trees and those collected from under ectomycorrhizal trees in a broadleaf forest.

DOI： 10.4005/jjfs.105.275

Setiawan Y., Yahya M.Q., Dendy F., Hata K., Wang J., Tarno H. . Comparison of Two Trap Designs for Monitoring the Bark and Ambrosia Beetles (Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae) in Mahogany Forests . Agrivita45 ( 3 ) 570 - 579 2023

Language：Japanese Publisher：Agrivita

Bark and ambrosia beetles are commonly found in forest ecosystems, and their fungal symbionts act as plant pathogens. Accurate information on the presence and population levels of bark and ambrosia beetles is becoming an increasingly crucial to protect the forest ecosystem. This study compared multiple-funnel and bottle traps to monitor the bark and ambrosia beetles in two types of mahogany forest. Multiple-funnel and bottle traps were made from transparent polyethylene terephthalate bottles and baited with 95% ethanol. Two different mahogany forest management (monoculture and polyculture with coffee plants) were used in this study. A total of 2,367 bark and ambrosia beetle specimens were trapped in this study. This research recorded ten genera of Scolytinae and one Platypodinae genus. Xyleborus spp., X. crassiusculus, and P. cavipennis are three predominated ambrosia beetles collected in mahogany monoculture and polyculture. Euplatypus parallelus was identified as a representative of Platypodinae. Results showed that multiple-funnel traps baited with ethanol are effective to catch individuals and several species of bark and ambrosia beetles in mahogany forests. The choice of multiple-funnel or bottle traps is an important consideration in trap-based programs for monitoring or detecting invasive species in forest ecosystems.

DOI： 10.17503/agrivita.v45i3.4295

Hata Kunihiko, Kawadzu Takuma, Emura Naoko . Effect of temperature on mycelial growth of the pathogen of zonate leaf blight isolated from Camellia sasanqua . Tree and Forest Health26 ( 2 ) 79 - 80 2022.4Effect of temperature on mycelial growth of the pathogen of zonate leaf blight isolated from Camellia sasanqua

佐藤逸史・大石圭太・畑　邦彦・榮村奈緒子 . 赤外線センサーカメラで観察された鹿児島県本土の連続林と分断林を利用する哺乳類と鳥類 . 鹿児島大学農学部演習林研究報告47 1 - 8 2022.3赤外線センサーカメラで観察された鹿児島県本土の連続林と分断林を利用する哺乳類と鳥類Reviewed

Hata Kunihiko, Hayase Aina, Fujii Yusuke, Okuda Ayako, Emura Naoko . Occurrence of zonate leaf blight of Camellia sasanqua in Kagoshima prefecture and affecting factors . Tree and Forest Health25 ( 2 ) 67 - 68 2021.4Occurrence of zonate leaf blight of Camellia sasanqua in Kagoshima prefecture and affecting factors

奥田絢子, 曽根晃一, 畑邦彦 . Classification of lesion types and their seasonal variations in zonate leaf blight of Camellia sasanqua in Kagoshima . 鹿児島大学農学部演習林研究報告 ( 44 ) 1 - 16 2019.3

Language：Japanese

In order to investigate the patterns of damage due to outbreak of zonate leaf blight of Camellia sasanqua, we observed in the field to classify types of lesions on the basis of morphological criteria and studied seasonal variations in the occurrence of each type. Consequently, these lesions were classified into five types; "without rim", "brown with rim", "white with rim", "irregular", and "with rim only". "Without rim" caused defoliation, while the others didn't. "Without rim", "brown with rim", and "irregular" produced propagules, which cause infection. Propagules were found throughout the year, especially in periods with high rainfall and the temperature from 15 to 28°C. "Without rim" appeared frequently in periods with high rainfall and mean temperature from 15 to 25°C. "Brown with rim" appeared frequently in high temperature seasons, while "white with rim" in low temperature seasons. It was suggested that a part of the former changed into the latter. Most of "irregular" appeared frequently on young leaves. "With rim only" was suggested that this type of lesion was just beginning to emerge, because this type was very small and appeared suddenly in early spring. From these properties, it was shown that "without rim" caused acute damage with defoliation, while "brown with rim" and "irregular" caused chronic damage. Therefore, it's suggested that different types of lesions play different roles in expansion cycle of this disease.

Other Link： http://hdl.handle.net/10232/00031127

仲野翔太、菊地淳一、山中高史、曽根晃一、畑邦彦 . 遷移段階の異なる森林土壌で生育させたクロマツ実生およびマテバシイ実生の成長と菌根形成． . 樹木医学研究22 187 - 194 2018.10遷移段階の異なる森林土壌で生育させたクロマツ実生およびマテバシイ実生の成長と菌根形成．Reviewed

Effects of front visibility interruption on irruptive behavior of sika deer, Cervus nippon. . ( 68 ) 21 - 35 2018.3

Language：Japanese

From October 2013 to July 2014, we set up nets with different degrees (0, 25, 50, 75, 100%) and patterns (horizontal stripes, vertical stripes, checkered pattern) of front visibility interruption between sika deer and food, and observed the behavior of sika deer at the Hirakawa Zoo, Kagoshima city. Some deer were wary of the net at the beginning of the experiment, but the wariness gradually decreased. Statistically significant differences were observed in the time between entry to the beast house and the first touch to the net in experiments with food conducted in October and November 2013. Deer tended to approach sooner and touch the net earlier when facing nets with low degrees of front visibility interruption. The higher the degree of interruption, the weaker the deer pushed the net. This tendency was more apparent for the nets with checked patterns as well as in June and July. We discussed factors to be considered in the construction of hedges to prevent the intrusion of sika deer.

石場理紗, 大石圭太, 兒島音衣, 畑邦彦, 曽根晃一 . The damage of young planted trees of Japanese cedar by the Japanese hare (Lepus brachyurus brachyurus) in the Takakuma Experimental Forest of Kagoshima University, Tarumizu City, Kagoshima Prefecture . 鹿児島大学農学部演習林研究報告 ( 43 ) 61 - 66 2018.3

Language：Japanese

We surveyed the damage of young Japanese cedar, Cryptomeria japonica, trees planted in February 2015 caused by the Japanese hares, Lepus brachyurus brachyurus, in the cedar plantation in Tarumizu City, Kagoshima Prefecture, during the period from March to October 2015. The damage was observed on 0.7% of planted trees about a month after planting, and the accumulated damage rate increased linearly with time. The incidence of new damage on each survey occasion conducted every 2 to 3 months ranged 5.5 to 8.1%, and in October, eight months after planting, 19.0% of the planted trees were damaged and 10.3% of the damaged trees were damaged repeatedly. Cutting on stems and/or branches occupied 91.4%, mixed damage of stem and/or branch-cutting and peeling occupied 6.1%, and peeling occupied 2.5% of the total damage. Most cutting events occurred on lateral branches. A total of 6 trees were dead within 8 months after planting, of which 3 trees were damaged by the hare. One damaged tree was withering in October 2015. The tree height of 4 damaged trees was shorter than that of other trees planted around them, and the stems of the two trees were cut at their terminal part. The incidence of the damage was significantly lower by the trees planted in the area ≦10m from the adjacent stand and on skidding roads than those planted in the other areas.

Other Link： http://hdl.handle.net/10232/00031123

石場理紗, 大石圭太, 兒島音衣, 畑邦彦, 曽根晃一 . Feeding habits of the Japanese hare (Lepus brachyurus brachyurus) in the Takakuma Experimantal Forest of Kagoshima University, Kagoshima Prefecture . 鹿児島大学農学部演習林研究報告 ( 43 ) 51 - 59 2018.3

坂口悠紀, 大石圭太, 畑邦彦, 曽根晃一 . カメラトラップにより推定したホンドタヌキのハビタット利用の季節変動 . 九州森林研究 ( 71 ) 2018カメラトラップにより推定したホンドタヌキのハビタット利用の季節変動

仲野翔太, 仲野翔太, 菊地淳一, 山中高史, 曽根晃一, 畑邦彦 . Growth and ectomycorrhization of Pinus thunbergii and Lithocarpus edulis seedlings on forest soil at different successional stages. . 樹木医学研究22 ( 4 ) 2018Growth and ectomycorrhization of Pinus thunbergii and Lithocarpus edulis seedlings on forest soil at different successional stages.

Oishi Keita, Arakaki Takuya, Nakamura Mami, Hata Kunihiko, Sone Koichi . Spatial arrangement and size of home ranges of Apodemus speciosus inhabiting evergreen broad-leaved forest and adjacent cedar plantation, and migration between these stands . Honyurui Kagaku (Mammalian Science)58 ( 1 ) 23 - 31 2018

Language：Japanese Publisher：The Mammal Society of Japan

To investigate the characteristics of home ranges of Apodemus speciosus, we tracked 17 male and eight female mice using radiotelemetry in an evergreen broad-leaved forest dominated by Pasania edulis and an adjacent Cryptomeria japonica plantation in southern Kyushu. Seventeen and 19 home ranges of males and females, respectively, were estimated by the 95% minimum convex polygon method. Home range sizes and distances between them successively detected during the night became larger during the acorn dropping season, from late September to late November, and one mouse moved approximately 100 m within three hours. Home ranges sometimes overlapped among mice in the boundary area of the two forests. Spatial arrangement and size of home ranges, and movement within home ranges of Apodemus speciosus, varied between individuals. Among them, three mice had home ranges that extended into both forests and nests in the cedar plantation during the acorn dropping season. They constantly moved from the cedar plantation to the broad-leaved forest and vice versa. Such mice are thought to contribute to seed dispersal from the broad-leaved forest to its adjacent conifer plantation.

DOI： 10.11238/mammalianscience.58.23

Hata Kunihiko, Kimoto Ryotaro, Sone Koichi . Seasonal Changes in the Colonization Rates of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in the Roots of Mature Trees and Seedlings of Cryptomeria japonica . Journal of the Japanese Forest Society100 ( 1 ) 3 - 7 2018

Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：THE JAPANESE FORESTRY SOCIETY

In order to examine the seasonal changes in the colonization rates of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in the roots of Cryptomeria japonica, we collected roots from mature trees and seedlings in Takakuma Experimental Forest of Kagoshima University from January 2012 to November 2013. We stained sample fine root segments and observed AM fungi by microscopy. As a result, all the individuals of C. japonica examined in this study were colonized by AM fungi. Colonization rates were low from January to May for both mature trees and seedlings. They drastically increased in June and then decreased until August. They recovered after summer from September till November for mature trees and till October for seedlings, and decreased again. Colonization rates showed quite similar patterns of seasonal change between the two years both for mature trees and seedlings, but were generally higher in mature trees than in seedlings. Colonization rates showed significant positive correlation with mean air temperature in total, but more precisely, they increased with the increase in temperature below 22℃, but decreased above that temperature. Precipitation also showed significant positive correlation with colonization rates, but this seem to be an indirect relationship reflecting the relationship between colonization rate and air temperature.

DOI： 10.4005/jjfs.100.3

Other Link： https://agriknowledge.affrc.go.jp/RN/2010921259

Nakano Shota, Kikuchi Junichi, Yamanaka Takashi, Sone Koichi, Hata Kunihiko . Growth and ectomycorrhization of Pinus thunbergii and Lithocarpus edulis seedlings on forest soil at different successional stages . Tree and Forest Health22 ( 4 ) 187 - 194 2018

Language：Japanese Publisher：Tree Health Research Society, Japan

To determine the roles of ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) in plant growth at different successional stages, we investigated the growth and ectomycorrhization of Pinus thunbergii and Lithocarpas edulis seedlings, grown on four types of soil : P. thunbergii forest soil (P-Soil), sterilized P-Soil (SP-Soil), L. edulis forest soil (L-Soil), and sterilized L-Soil (SL-Soil) from Sakurajima, where volcanic eruptions have formed various stages of succession. No mycorrhiza formed for either species on sterilized soil. The mycorrhization rate of P. thunbergii seedlings was significantly higher on P-Soil than L-Soil, while the rate of L. edulis seedlings did not differ significantly between these soil types. The growth of mycorrhizal P. thunbergii seedlings was significantly greater than that of non-mycorrhizal seedlings on both forest soils, indicating the importance of EMF in the growth of P. thunbergii seedlings. Conversely, the growth of mycorrhizal L. edulis seedlings was similar to that of non-mycorrhizal seedlings on both forest soils, suggesting that the initial growth of L. edulis seedlings was mainly influenced by nutrients from acorns.

DOI： 10.18938/treeforesthealth.22.4_187

大石圭太, 兒島音衣, 畑邦彦, 曽根晃一 . 間伐施業のアカネズミとヒメネズミの生息状況に対する影響. . 哺乳類科学57 ( 2 ) 287 - 296 2017.12間伐施業のアカネズミとヒメネズミの生息状況に対する影響.Reviewed

笠このみ，畑邦彦，曽根晃一 . 田舎の集落で放育されているイエネコ(Felis catus)の隣接する森林への進入状況 . 森林防疫66 ( 2 ) 17 - 26 2017.3田舎の集落で放育されているイエネコ(Felis catus)の隣接する森林への進入状況Reviewed

Ingress of free-ranging domestic cats (Felis catus) into a forest adjacent to a settlement . 66 ( 2 ) 56 - 65 2017

Oishi Keita, Kojima Nei, Hata Kunihiko, Sone Koichi . Effects of thinning on population changes of two species of Apodemus mice, A. speciosus and A. argenteus . Honyurui Kagaku (Mammalian Science)57 ( 2 ) 287 - 296 2017

Language：Japanese Publisher：The Mammal Society of Japan

In order to elucidate the effects of thinning on Apodemus speciosus and A. argenteus populations in Japanese cedar Cryptomeria japonica plantations, we conducted population surveys in two sites composed of a plantation and an evergreen broad-leaved forest in southern Kyushu, Japan. In one site, about 50% of the volume of cedar trees in the plantation were cut in September 2012. All mice inhabiting the plantation disappeared just after thinning. New individuals of A. speciosus and A. argenteus began to be captured in the plantation three and six months after thinning, respectively, and both mice species recovered in the third year after thinning, when the ground vegetation had recovered. Meanwhile, in the non-thinning site, the number of trapped mice did not largely change throughout the year in 2012. These results show that thinning should produce pronounced impacts on mice populations through drastic disturbances of habitat condition, and the effects are larger and longer for A. argenteus than for A. speciosus. However, we also suggest that mice populations can recover within three years after thinning.

DOI： 10.11238/mammalianscience.57.287

Sone Koichi, Oishi Keita, Hata Kunihiko . Can emergence holes of curculio weevil larvae induce attacks by another agencies on Pasania edulis acorns? . The Japanese Forest Society Congress127 ( 0 ) 587 2016

Oishi Keita, Kojima Nei, Ishiba Risa, Hata Kunihiko, Sone Koichi . The effect of silvicultural operation on seed dispersal of Apodemus mice . The Japanese Forest Society Congress127 ( 0 ) 347 2016

曽根晃一，冨吉啓太，大久保恵介，林崎泰，平田令子，畑邦彦 . クロマツ小径木のマツノマダラカミキリの繁殖にとっての資源的有効性 . 鹿児島大学農学部演習林研究報告42 1 - 8 2015.3クロマツ小径木のマツノマダラカミキリの繁殖にとっての資源的有効性Reviewed

畑邦彦 . 菌は森のパートナー . 平成25年度熊本きのこ会年報創立40周年記念号 4 - 21 2014.7菌は森のパートナー

濱田正信、曽根晃一、畑邦彦 . 鹿児島県の海岸クロマツ林の落葉におけるマツ葉ふるい病菌Lophodermium pinastriの子嚢盤数の季節変動 . 鹿児島大学農学部演習林研究報告41 29 - 33 2014.3鹿児島県の海岸クロマツ林の落葉におけるマツ葉ふるい病菌Lophodermium pinastriの子嚢盤数の季節変動Reviewed

Oishi Keita, Mizuta Yuichi, Hata Kunihiko, Sone Koichi . Impacts of thinning on population density and spacing distribution of Apodemus mice . The Japanese Forest Society Congress125 ( 0 ) 372 2014

Sone Koichi, Miyata Koshi, Matuo Toshiyuki, Ohkubo keisuke, Hata Kunihiko . Pine wilt disease in Skurajima. -Annual changes and related factors- . The Japanese Forest Society Congress125 ( 0 ) 185 2014

Nakamura Mami, Hirata Ryoko, Oishi Keita, ARAKAKI Takuya, TAKAMATSU Nozomu, HATA Kunihiko, SONE Koichi . Determinant factors in the seedling establishment of Pasania edulis (Makino) Makino . Ecological research28 ( 5 ) 811 - 820 2013.9

Sone K., Ohkubo K., Matsuo T., Hata K. . Spatial distribution pattern of pine trees killed by pine wilt disease in a sparsely growing, young pine stand. . Journal of Plant Studies2 ( 1 ) 36 - 41 2013.3Spatial distribution pattern of pine trees killed by pine wilt disease in a sparsely growing, young pine stand.Reviewed

木本遼太郎、曽根晃一、畑邦彦 . 鹿児島大学農学部附属高隈演習林のスギ成木および実生におけるアーバスキュラー菌根菌の感染状況 . 九州森林研究66 1 - 4 2013.3鹿児島大学農学部附属高隈演習林のスギ成木および実生におけるアーバスキュラー菌根菌の感染状況Reviewed

八木史郎、畑邦彦、馬田英隆 . 鹿児島のキノコ(3) . 鹿児島大学農学部演習林研究報告40 49 - 66 2013.3鹿児島のキノコ(3)

吉村和徳、中村麻美、大石圭太、畑邦彦、曽根晃一 . ヒメネズミの貯食活動の特性． . 鹿児島大学演習林研究報告40 9 - 15 2013.3ヒメネズミの貯食活動の特性．Reviewed

Nakano Shota, Shimomura Norihiro, Hata Kunihiko, Sone koichi . The growth and ectomycorrhization of pot-cultured seedlings of Pinus thunbergii and Lithocarpus edulis in forest soils with different successional phases . The Japanese Forest Society Congress124 ( 0 ) 450 2013

Oishi Keita, Murata Shujiro, Kawabe Kotaro, Hata Kunihiko, Sone Koichi . Genetic diversity of Apodemus speciosus and A. argenteus in Osumi peninsula, Kagoshima . The Japanese Forest Society Congress124 ( 0 ) 754 2013

内川宗久、畑邦彦、曽根晃一 . 霧島神宮神宮林におけるキュウシュウジカの生息地利用とそれに影響を与える環境要因の季節変動 . 森林防疫61 ( 4 ) 13 - 19 2012.7霧島神宮神宮林におけるキュウシュウジカの生息地利用とそれに影響を与える環境要因の季節変動Reviewed

寄井田祥平、畑邦彦、曽根晃一 . 桜島古里公園におけるクロマダラソテツシジミ成虫の個体群動態 . 九州森林研究65 35 - 38 2012.3桜島古里公園におけるクロマダラソテツシジミ成虫の個体群動態Reviewed

吉村和徳、中村麻美、大石圭太、畑邦彦、曽根晃一 . ヒメネズミの貯食活動の特性の解明（I） ―ヒメネズミのみが利用できるフードステーションの作製と検討― . 九州森林研究65 137 - 140 2012.3ヒメネズミの貯食活動の特性の解明（I） ―ヒメネズミのみが利用できるフードステーションの作製と検討―Reviewed

Hata Kunihiko . Ubiquitous occurrence and possible functions of endophytes in trees:—Significance of common “weak parasites”— . Tree and Forest Health16 ( 2 ) 63 - 66 2012

八木史郎、畑邦彦、馬田英隆 . 鹿児島のキノコ(2) . 鹿児島大学農学部演習林研究報告38 45 - 55 2011.3鹿児島のキノコ(2)

SONE Koichi, NAGANO Shin-ichiro, HATA Kunihiko . Abundance-dependent transmission of the pinewood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Nematoda : Aphelenchoididae), to the Japanese pine sawyer, Monochamus alternatus (Coleoptera : Cerambycidae), adult in its pupal chamber . 16 ( 1 ) 82 - 86 2011.2

Nakamura Mami, Hirata Ryoko, Kaneko Shingo, Isagi Yuji, Hata Kunihiko, Sone Koichi . The estimation of dispersal distance of Pasania edulis by genetic analysis. . The Japanese Forest Society Congress122 ( 0 ) 319 - 319 2011

Sone Koichi, Nakamura Mami, Hirata Ryoko, Takamatsu Nozomu, Hata Kunihiko . Are wood mice acorn-dispersers or acorn-predators?:Based on life table analysis of Pasania edulis acorns produced for 12 years . The Japanese Forest Society Congress122 ( 0 ) 520 - 520 2011

Sone Koichi, Ohkubo Keisuke, Matsuo Toshuyuki, Hata Kunihiko . Spatial distribution pattern of wilted saplings of Japanese black pine growing on lava terrace in Sakurajima, Kagoshima . The Japanese Forest Society Congress123 ( 0 ) Pb157 - Pb157 2011

Nakamura Mami, Yoshimura Kazunari, Oishi Keita, Hata Kunihiko, Sone Koichi . Hoarding behavior of Apodemus argenteus in Southern Kyushu, Japan. . The Japanese Forest Society Congress123 ( 0 ) Pb146 - Pb146 2011

Abe Fukiko, Ohkusu Misako, Kubo Tatsuya, Kawamoto Susumu, Sone Koichi, Hata Kunihiko . Isolation of yeasts from palm tissues damaged by the red palm weevil and their possible effect on the weevil overwintering . Mycoscience51 ( 3 ) 215 - 223 2010.5Reviewed

Language：English Publisher：The Mycological Society of Japan

Rhynchophorus ferrugineus is a tropical pest of palms that has recently invaded Japan, where winter temperatures fall below 0˚C. Because activities of the weevil at temperatures <13˚C are extremely limited, it appears difficult for them to overwinter in Japan. However, the temperature of palm tissues damaged by this weevil has been observed to be higher than air temperature. Here, we looked for the cause of this temperature increase. First, we measured the temperature of damaged palm tissues and showed it to be between 30˚C and 40˚C, even in winter. Next, we isolated yeasts from the body of weevils and infested palm tissues and obtained 36 yeast strains, mostly Candida tropicalis and C. ethanolica. Then, we analyzed the soluble sugar composition in palm tissues and found that it included glucose, sucrose, and fructose. Because at least C. tropicalis can ferment some of these sugars, the temperature increase may be attributed to fermentation of microbes, including yeasts.

DOI： 10.47371/mycosci.myc51215

平田令子、平井周作、中川寛子、畑邦彦、曽根晃一、茂田良光 . シロハラによる鹿児島大学植物園の利用状況 . 鹿児島大学農学部演習林研究報告37 157 - 160 2010.3シロハラによる鹿児島大学植物園の利用状況Reviewed

安倍布樹子、畑邦彦、曽根晃一 . 南九州におけるヤシオオオサゾウムシの飛翔第一ピーク時の飛翔の日周パターン . 九州森林研究63 22 - 24 2010.3南九州におけるヤシオオオサゾウムシの飛翔第一ピーク時の飛翔の日周パターンReviewed

大石圭太、新垣拓也、中村麻美、畑邦彦、曽根晃一 . アカネズミの体重と繁殖に対する餌条件の効果 . 九州森林研究63 101 - 104 2010.3アカネズミの体重と繁殖に対する餌条件の効果Reviewed

新垣拓也、大石圭太、中村麻美、畑邦彦、曽根晃一 . アカネズミの貯食活動の特性と貯食者自身による回収 . 九州森林研究63 97 - 100 2010.3アカネズミの貯食活動の特性と貯食者自身による回収Reviewed

大久保恵介、林崎泰、畑邦彦、曽根晃一 . クロマツ若齢林におけるマツノマダラカミキリ成虫の活動状況 . 九州森林研究63 85 - 88 2010.3クロマツ若齢林におけるマツノマダラカミキリ成虫の活動状況Reviewed

曽根晃一・安田奈津子・大隈浩美・福山周作・永野武志 . 桜島の溶岩台地上に生育するクロマツのマツ材線虫病に対する抵抗性 . 鹿児島大学農学部演習林研究報告37 29 - 36 2010.3桜島の溶岩台地上に生育するクロマツのマツ材線虫病に対する抵抗性Reviewed

Hata K., Sone K. . Isolation of fungi from Pasania edulis trees attacked by Platypus quercivorus. . 鹿児島大学農学部演習林研究報告 37 99 - 104 2010.3Isolation of fungi from Pasania edulis trees attacked by Platypus quercivorus.Reviewed

Nakamura Mami, Arakaki Takuya, Oishi Keita, Hata Kunihiko, Sone Koichi . Characteristics of hoarding behavior by Apodemus mice.:Recovery of cached acorns by caching mice . The Japanese Forest Society Congress121 ( 0 ) 735 - 735 2010

Sone Koichi, Ohkubo Keisuke, Hayashizaki Dai, Hata Kunihiko . Population biology of Monochamus alternatus adults in a Pinus thunbergii sapling stand in Sakurajima, Kagoshima . The Japanese Forest Society Congress121 ( 0 ) 721 - 721 2010

SONE Koichi, HATA Kunihiko, NAGANO Shin-ichiro, NAKANO Hiroyuki, HAYASHIZAKI Dai, MORITA Shigeru . Estimation of the Adult Mortality of the Japanese Pine Sawyer, Monochamus alternatus Hope (Coleoptera : Cerambycidae), due to Aerial Application of Insecticide (MEP-MC) in Sakurajima . Journal of the Japanese Forest Society91 ( 6 ) 377 - 381 2009.12

Language：Japanese Publisher：THE JAPANESE FORESTRY SOCIETY

We captured adult Japanese pine sawyer, Monochamus alternatus, after aerial application of microcapsules containing fenitrothion (MEP-MC) using live traps with chemical attractants in 10 Japanese black pine stands in Sakurajima. MEP was detected from the adults captured in the stands 39, 51, and 33 days after aerial application of MEP-MC in 2004, 2005, and 2006, respectively. Adults contaminated with MEP were also captured in unsprayed pine stands 4&sim;5 km away from the MEP-sprayed area 4 and 5 days after aerial application in 2004 and 2005, respectively. Based on the data of the capture of adults and detection of MEP from the adults captured in MEP-sprayed and unsprayed pine stands, we estimated the mortality of the adults due to MEP-MC application in 2005 and 2006 as 62 and 76%, respectively, in the sprayed stand, and 62 and 66%, respectively, in an adjacent pine stand to the MEP-sprayed area. These results suggest that aerial application of MEP-MC would be an effective measure to prevent the prevalence of pine wilt disease.

DOI： 10.4005/jjfs.91.377

HIRATA Ryoko, HATA Kunihiko, SONE Koichi . Faecal analysis of frugivorous birds and seed dispersal in conifer plantations . Japanese journal of ornithology58 ( 2 ) 187 - 191 2009.10

SONE Koichi, IWANAGA Yuh, HATA Kunihiko . Decreased Wilting of Japanese Black Pine Saplings by Infection of the Japanese Pine Sawyer Adults with the Entomopathogenic Fungus, Beauveria bassiana . Journal of the Japanese Forest Society91 ( 5 ) 313 - 317 2009.10

Language：Japanese Publisher：Japanese Forestry Society

Monochamus alternatus adults were artificially inoculated with the entomopathogenic fungus, Beauveria bassiana, just after emergence, and reared individually with a Pinus thunbergii sapling in an outdoor cage. The infection resulted in high adult mortalities both at 7 and 14 days after emergence and a significant decrease in adult longevity from 36.5 to 7.5 days. The infection also decreased maturation feeding activities; the percentage of adults which ceased maturation feeding within 7 days after emergence increased from 38 to 92%, the total amount of maturation feeding decreased to less than 1/10, and the percentage of saplings with maturation feeding scars decreased from 81 to 61%. As a result, the mortality of saplings decreased from 77 to 51%. However, the effects of the infection on the percentage of saplings with feeding scars and the mortality of saplings were not significant at 7 days after infection. These results indicate that the infection of M. alternatus adults with B. bassiana can control pine wilt disease, although the effects of the infection become evident after a certain period of time from the infection. Thus, the infection might be less effective in areas where the pine wood nematode departs from M. alternatus adults soon after their emergence from the logs.

DOI： 10.4005/jjfs.91.313

曽根晃一、岩永裕、畑邦彦 . マツノマダラカミキリ成虫の昆虫病原性糸状菌Beauveria bassiana感染によるクロマツ枯損防止効果 . 日本森林学会誌91 ( 5 ) 313 - 317 2009.10マツノマダラカミキリ成虫の昆虫病原性糸状菌Beauveria bassiana感染によるクロマツ枯損防止効果Reviewed

Nakamura M., Kaneko S., Isagi Y., Hata K., Sone K. . Development of microsatellite markers for Pasania edulis (Makino) Makino, one of the dominant species of Lucidphyllous forests in southern Kyushu, Japan. . Conservation Genetics10 ( 4 ) 981 - 983 2009.9Development of microsatellite markers for Pasania edulis (Makino) Makino, one of the dominant species of Lucidphyllous forests in southern Kyushu, Japan.Reviewed

Abe F., Hata K., Sone K. . Life history of the res palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Dryophtoridae), in southern Japan. . Florida entomologist92 ( 3 ) 421 - 425 2009.9Life history of the res palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Dryophtoridae), in southern Japan.Reviewed

平田令子、平井周作、畑邦彦、曽根晃一 . 果実食性鳥類の糞の分析と針葉樹人工林への種子散布 . 日本鳥学会誌58 ( 2 ) 187 - 191 2009.7果実食性鳥類の糞の分析と針葉樹人工林への種子散布Reviewed

馬田英隆、八木史郎、畑邦彦、岩井久、福盛浩子 . 鹿児島のキノコ(1) . 鹿児島大学農学部演習林研究報告36 39 - 51 2009.3鹿児島のキノコ(1)

Nakamura Mami, Hirata Ryoko, Fuchigami Miki, Hata Kunihiko, Sone Koichi . Cache spacing of Apodemus mice . The Japanese Forest Society Congress120 ( 0 ) 724 - 724 2009

Sone Koichi, Hayashizaki Dai, Ohkubo Keisuke, Hata Kunihiko . Reproductive success of the Japanese pine sawyer on Pinus thunbergii saplings . The Japanese Forest Society Congress120 ( 0 ) 710 - 710 2009

Hirata Ryoko, Hata Kunihiko, Sone Koichi . Faecal analysis of frugivorous birds and seed dispersal in conifer plantations . Japanese Journal of Ornithology58 ( 2 ) 187 - 191 2009

Language：Japanese Publisher：The Ornithological Society of Japan

In order to identify the frugivorous bird species with the potential to disperse the seeds of broad-leaved trees and herbaceous plants into conifer plantations, we caught birds with mist nets and sampled their faeces in a Japanese cedar Cryptomeria japonica plantation and neighbouring areas in southern Kyushu, Japan. In the autumn-winter period, intact seeds of six broad-leaved tree species and one herbaceous plant species were recovered from the faeces of nine individuals of five frugivorous bird species: seeds of Maesa japonica and Rubus buergeri from the faeces of the Red-flanked Bluetail Tarsiger cyanurus; Eurya japonica, Callicarpa japonica and the herbaceous plant Tubocapsicum anomalum from the faeces of the Pale Thrush Turudus pallidus, E. japonica from the faeces of the Red-billed Leiothrix Leiothrix lutea, R. buergeri from the faeces of the Japanese Bush Warbler Cettia diphone, and Celastrus orbiculatus from the faeces of the Japanese White-eye Zosterops japonicus. In the spring-summer period, intact seeds of one broad-leaved tree species, Rubus palmatus var. palmatus, were recovered from the faeces of the Eurasian Jay Garrulus glandarius. It has been shown that these six frugivorous bird species at least have a role as the seed dispersers of broad-leaved trees and herbaceous plants into conifer plantations.

DOI： 10.3838/jjo.58.187

Goto Hideaki, Usui Yosuke, Kawaguchi Eriko, Hamaguchi Keiko, Hata Kunihiko . Distributional condition among two populations of Platypus quercivorus in Kyushu . The Japanese Forest Society Congress120 ( 0 ) 269 - 269 2009

Hata Kunihiko, Sone Koichi . Isolation of endophytes from leaves of Neolitsea sericea in broadleaf and conifer stands . Mycoscience49 ( 4 ) 229 - 232 2008.8

Language：English Publisher：The Mycological Society of Japan

Endophytic fungi were isolated from leaves of Neolitsea sericea, a major lauraceous tree in the laurel forests of southern Kyushu, collected from the understory layer of broadleaf and conifer stands. Cytosphaera sp. and a species of Ascomycetes in leaf blade segments, plus a xylariaceous species and Phomopsis spp. in petiole segments, were isolated at relatively high frequency. In general, isolation frequencies of endophytes were higher in petiole than blade segments. In blade segments, patterns of endophyte isolation were quite different among stands, while relatively similar in petiole segments. Significant effects of sampling sites or canopy vegetation were rarely detected.

DOI： 10.47371/mycosci.myc49229

畑邦彦・平田令子・曽根晃一 . マツ死葉における表面殺菌法の検討 . 九州森林研究61 2008.3マツ死葉における表面殺菌法の検討Reviewed

Kanzaki N., Abe F., Giblin-Davis R. M., Kiontke K., Fitch D. H. A., Hata K. Sone K. . Teratorhabditis synpapillata Sudhaus, 1985 (Rhabditida: Rhabditidae) is an associate of the red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Coleotera: Curculionidae) . Netmatology10 207 - 218 2008.2Teratorhabditis synpapillata Sudhaus, 1985 (Rhabditida: Rhabditidae) is an associate of the red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Coleotera: Curculionidae)Reviewed

ABE FUKIKO, SONE KOICHI, HATA KUNIHIKO . Fauna crown of Phoenix canarensis . The Japanese Forest Society Congress119 ( 0 ) 728 - 728 2008

Hirata Ryoko, Hirai Shusaku, Hata Kunihiko, Sone Koichi . Seed dispersal by Hypsipetes amaurotis on the campus of Kagoshima University . The Japanese Forest Society Congress119 ( 0 ) 639 - 639 2008

Sone Koichi, Iwanaga Yuh, Hata Kunihiko . Preventive effects of infection of the Japanese pine sawyer adults with Beauveria bassiana on wilting of pine trees . The Japanese Forest Society Congress119 ( 0 ) 112 - 112 2008

Nakamura Mami, Hirata Ryoko, Hata Kunihiko, Sone Koichi . Population dynamics of Apodemus mice in an evergreen broad-leaved forest in Kagoshima . The Japanese Forest Society Congress119 ( 0 ) 734 - 734 2008

SONE K., TOMIMOTO M., TOKURAKU T., MATSUYAMA K., HATA K., HIGUCHI T., OKABE T. . Improved Method of Applying Non-woven Fabric Strips Inoculated with Beauveria bassiana Conidia to Control Monochamus alternatus (Coleoptera : Cerambycidae) Adults . Journal of the Japanese Forest Society89 ( 4 ) 262 - 268 2007.8

Language：Japanese Publisher：Japanese Forestry Society

In 2004 and 2005, we applied non-woven fabric strips inoculated with Beauveria bassiana conidia (NFS) to infested logs, then covered them in various ways, and compared the mortality of Monochamus alternatus adults emerging from the logs. Covering of the logs with a woven polyethylene sheet (blue sheet, #1500) without openings resulted in a high mortality of adults emerging from the logs. The mortality within 15 days after capture was 86% in Kagoshima and 80% in Sakurajima. Application of NFS increased the adult mortality to 100% and 96% in Kagoshima and 91% in Sakurajima. B. bassiana conidia appeared on 37&sim;100% of captured adults. However, covering of NFS-applied logs with a blue sheet with openings on both cut end sides or at the center of the upper side of log piles reduced the adult mortality to 92% and 86%, respectively. The adult mortality was also high, 96%, when NFS-applied logs were covered with a biodegradable organic sheet. However, the percentage of adults with B. bassiana conidia was low, 21%, suggesting that the high adult mortality might not be mainly caused by infection with B. bassiana. These results indicate that M. alternatus adults can be controlled efficiently by applying NFS to infested logs and covering them with a blue sheet anywhere in Japan.

DOI： 10.4005/jjfs.89.262

曽根晃一・富元雅史・徳楽貴洋・松山健太郎・畑邦彦・樋口俊男・岡部武治 . マツノマダラカミキリ成虫駆除のためのボーヴェリア培養型不織布製剤の効果的な施用方法の検討 . 日本森林学会誌89 ( 4 ) 262 - 268 2007.8マツノマダラカミキリ成虫駆除のためのボーヴェリア培養型不織布製剤の効果的な施用方法の検討Reviewed

平田令子・高松希望・中村麻美・渕上未来・畑邦彦・曽根晃一 . アカネズミによるスギ人工林へのマテバシイの堅果の二次散布 . 日本森林学会誌89 ( 2 ) 113 - 120 2007.4アカネズミによるスギ人工林へのマテバシイの堅果の二次散布Reviewed

富元雅史・曽根晃一・畑邦彦・樋口俊男・岡部武治 . 南九州におけるBeauveria bassiana培養型不織布製剤のマツノマダラカミキリ成虫駆除への適用試験 . 日本森林学会誌89 ( 2 ) 79 - 84 2007.4南九州におけるBeauveria bassiana培養型不織布製剤のマツノマダラカミキリ成虫駆除への適用試験Reviewed

畑邦彦・大楠美佐子・川本進・曽根晃一 . 森林性二形性真菌の培養形態 . 九州森林研究60 9 - 12 2007.3森林性二形性真菌の培養形態Reviewed

研究課題 . Annual report of Research Center for Pathogenic Fungi and Microbial Toxicoses, Chiba University ( 11 ) 2007

Tomimoto M., Sone K., Hata K., Higuchi T., Okabe T. . Application of Non-woven Fabric Strips with Beauveria bassiana Conidia to Control Monochamus alternatus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) Adults in Southern Kyushu. . Journal of the Japanese Forest Society89 ( 2 ) 79 - 84 2007

Language：Japanese Publisher：Japanese Forestry Society

To examine the applicability of non-woven fabric strips with Beauveria bassiana conidia (NFS) to the control of Monochamus alternatus adults in southern Kyushu, we piled 1 m3 of Pinus thunbergii logs infested with M. alternatus in each of two outdoor cages, and placed 2,500 cm2 of NFS on one of these piles in May 2003. We covered each log pile with a blue vinyl sheet containing two triangular openings (the base: 50 cm, the height: 40 cm) on both cut end sides of the log piles. We captured adult beetles every day and reared them individually to determine the longevity and infection by B. bassiana. Infection by B. bassiana did not affect the average rate of food consumption. By applying NFS, the percentage of adults on which B. bassiana produced conidia increased from 2 to 34 % and the mortality rate of adults 15 days after emergence from 20 to 52 %. These mortality rates were similar to those obtained by the same application test to 0.2 m3 of logs in 2001, suggesting that the dose of NFS per log volume might determine the efficiency of B. bassiana. The mortality rate and infection rate in this study were lower than those reported in Kanto District. We discussed the problems to be solved for the improvement of the efficiency of NFS-application in southern Kyushu.

DOI： 10.4005/jjfs.89.79

Hirata R., Takamatsu N., Nakamura M., Fuchigami M., Hata K., Sone K. . Secondary Dispersal of Pasania edulis Acorns by Apodemus speciosus into a Coniferous Plantation. . Journal of the Japanese Forest Society89 ( 2 ) 113 - 120 2007

Language：Japanese Publisher：Japanese Forestry Society

In order to evaluate the role of Apodemus mice in invasion of Pasania edulis Makino into a plantation of Japanese cedar, Cryptomeria japonica D. Don, we studied the primary dispersal of acorns from parent trees, secondary dispersal of acorns by mice, and seedling establishment in the plantation and adjacent evergreen broad-leaved forest at the Kagoshima University Forest from April 2003 to January 2005. By primary dispersal, acorns were dispersed on average 2.4 m from the crown edge of the parent trees, and the maximum distance of invasion into the plantation by primary dispersal was 4.4 m from the border of the forests of two types. Of the 200 magnet-attached acorns we placed in the broad-leaved forest in autumn of 2003 and 2004, mice transported 66 and 58 acorns, respectively, into the plantation. The maximum distance from the border to cache site in the plantation was 34.5 m in 2003 and 18.5 m in 2004. Six acorns cached in 2003 remained intact until the next spring. In the plantation, the density of seedlings decreased with the distance from the border, but within 10 m of the border, the density did not differ significantly from that in the broad-leaved forest. From these results, we concluded that wood mice contribute to the invasion of P. edulis into the plantation as an important seed disperser.

DOI： 10.4005/jjfs.89.113

sone koichi, nakano hiroyuki, nagano shin'ichiro, hata kunihiko, morita shigeru . Effects of spraying of MEP-MC on Monochamus alternatus population in Sakurajima, Kagoshima. . The Japanese Forest Society Congress118 ( 0 ) 74 - 74 2007

HIRATA R., HATA K., SONE K. . Seed Dispersal by Frugivorous Birds in a Coniferous Plantation . Journal of the Japanese Forest Society88 ( 6 ) 515 - 524 2006.12

Language：Japanese Publisher：Japanese Forestry Society

In order to evaluate the role of frugivorous birds in the dispersal of broad-leaved tree seeds in a plantation of Japanese cedar, Cryptomeria japonica D. Don, we monitored seed rain with 120 seed traps distributed over the plantation and an evergreen broad-leaved forest close to the plantation at the Kagoshima University Forest from October 2002 to April 2004. The numbers of bird-dispersed seeds and their seed species deposited in the traps in the plantation were significantly larger than those derived from naturally fallen fruits. Seasonal and yearly variation of bird-dissemination was observed in the plantation; the frugivorous birds deposited more seeds in the autumn-winter season than in the spring-summer season, and in 2002 than in 2003. In the plantation, naturally fallen fruits were localized around the broadleaved forest, while the bird-dispersed seeds were widely dispersed randomly. We also conducted a bird census in the study area for 43 days from February to December 2003. We observed 14 frugivorous bird species in the study area, and among them, the Brown-eared Bulbul, Hypsipetes amaurotis, was observed most frequently. These results suggest that frugivorous birds, especially H. amaurotis plays an important role in seed dispersal in the conifer plantation.

DOI： 10.4005/jjfs.88.515

松山淳子・畑邦彦・曽根晃一 . 鹿児島県におけるホンドタヌキの食性 . 鹿児島大学演習林研究報告34 75 - 80 2006.12鹿児島県におけるホンドタヌキの食性Reviewed

曽根晃一・細川歩・平田令子・加藤仁・畑邦彦 . 「大隅半島緑の回廊」に生息する野生動物相調査 . 九州森林研究59 197 - 200 2006.3「大隅半島緑の回廊」に生息する野生動物相調査Reviewed

研究課題 . Annual report of Research Center for Pathogenic Fungi and Microbial Toxicoses, Chiba University ( 10 ) 2006

平田令子, 高松希望, 渕上未来, 中村麻美, 畑邦彦, 曽根晃一 . 森林性野ネズミによるスギ人工林への種子散布 . 日本森林学会大会発表データベース117 ( 0 ) 368 - 368 2006

曽根晃一, 永野真一朗, 中野寛之, 畑邦彦, 森田茂 . 桜島におけるMEP-MC剤の空中散布がマツノマダラカミキリ個体群に及ぼす影響 . 日本森林学会大会発表データベース117 ( 0 ) 552 - 552 2006

Hata Kunihiko, Ookusu Misako, Kawamoto Susumu, Sone Koichi . Dimorphic growth of several forest fungi on culture . Abstracts of Papers Presented at the Meeting of the Mycological Society of Japan50 ( 0 ) 86 - 86 2006

TAKAMATSU Nozomu, HIRATA Ryoko, HATA Kunihiko, SONE Koichi . Application of automatic cameras to wildlife studies with special references to foraging behavior of Apodemus mice . Research bulletin of the Kagoshima University Forests ( 33 ) 35 - 42 2005.12

Language：Japanese Publisher：Kagoshima University

In order to examine the applicability of automatic cameras with an infrared censor switch, we set the cameras to take photographs of mammals and birds in an evergreen broad-leaved forest of Takakuma University Forest of Kagoshima University during the period from December 2002 to December 2004. A total of 1733 photographs were taken of 11 species of mammals such as Apodemus mouse and wild boars, nine species of bird, and some arthropods. We identified the species and in some cases determined the behavior of each individual. Data obtained from photographs revealed the diurnal pattern of activities on the ground surface, the effects of weather conditions, and the characteristics of acorn handling in Apodemus mice. The diurnal and seasonal activities of wild boar in the study site can also be estimated. These results suggest that automatic cameras with an infrared censor switch are promising tools in wildlife surveys.

EMURA Naoko, HATA Kunihiko, SONE Koichi . Nesting and foraging-site selection of herons in Tarumizu City, Kagoshima Prefecture . Research bulletin of the Kagoshima University Forests ( 33 ) 29 - 34 2005.12

Language：Japanese Publisher：Kagoshima University

We surveyed the nesting and foraging sites of herons in Tarumizu City and Sakurajima, Kagoshima Prefecture, during the period from March to December, 2004. We observed 7 species of herons, Egretta alba, E. intermedia, E. garzetta, Bubullcus ibis, Ardea cinerea, Nycticorax nycticorax, and Butorides striatus, in the study area. A. cinerea and E. garzetta were observed much more frequently than the other five species of herons. Foraging sites differed among the heron species. A. cinerea and B. ibis had a strong preference for a certain type of habitat and foraged exclusively at fish farms and farmlands, respectively. While, three egrets foraged in various types of habitat, such as fish farms, farmlands, rivers, and tidal flats, but the main foraging sites differed among the three. E. alba and E. garzetta foraged more frequently on fish farms, and E. intermedia foraged mainly in rivers and on farmland. We observed seven colonies/nests in the study area. All colonies and most nests were occupied by two or more species of heron throughout the study period. Colonies were established in stands that seemed to be protected from invasion by natural enemies. Nests were established in stands that were smaller in area than those with colonies and located near to foraging sites of herons. Nests were less stable than colonies. We discuss the way to conserve herons without harmful effects on daily human activities.

清久幸恵、曽根晃一、畑邦彦、小泉透 . 阿久根大島におけるマゲシカの群の構成と分布様式 . 九州森林研究58 188 - 190 2005.3阿久根大島におけるマゲシカの群の構成と分布様式Reviewed

Sone Koichi, Takamatsu Nozomu, Hata Kunihiko . Monitoring of foraging behavior of Apodemus mice in the field . The Japanese Forestry Society Congress Database115 ( 0 ) P3054 - P3054 2004

Takao Etsuko, Sone Koichi, Hata Kunihiko, Sato Yoshikazu, Nakamuara Katsunori . Pine wilt disease in Sakurajima:Hypothesis on the mechanisms of PWD expansion . The Japanese Forestry Society Congress Database115 ( 0 ) P3063 - P3063 2004

Sato Yoshikazu, Timoto Ryouko, Takao Etsuko, Sone Kouichi, Hata Kunihiko . The seasonal changes of adults captured by Etanol traps in Kagoshima Prefecture. . The Japanese Forestry Society Congress Database114 ( 0 ) 62 - 62 2003

Takao Etsuko, Maruta Kyouhei, Sone Kouichi, Hata Kunihiko, Satou Yoshikazu, Nakamura Katsunori . Investigation of Number of the Japanese Pine Sawyer on Sakurajima island . The Japanese Forestry Society Congress Database114 ( 0 ) 135 - 135 2003

SONE Koichi, KITADA Yoshiyuki, SAKAKIBARA Aoi, TANAKA Koki, HATA Kunihiko, SATO Yoshikazu . Virulence of the Pinewood Nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner and Buhrer) Nickle, Extracted from the Japanese Pine Sawyer, Monochamus alternatus Hope, Collected on Sakuraiima Island . Research bulletin of the Kagoshima University Forests ( 30 ) 1 - 7 2002.12

Language：Japanese Publisher：Kagoshima University

In order to examine the virulence of the pinewood nematode (PWN), Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner and Buhrer) Nickle, we inoculated PWN extracted from the Japanese pine sawyer, Monochamus alternatus Hope, collected in pine stands on Sakurajima Island (Sakurajima population) and a virulent isolate (Ka-4) into susceptible Pinus thunbergii seedlings in August 2000 and July 2001. By January 2001, 30 % and 17 % of the seedlings inoculated with Ka-4 and the Sakurajima population in August 2000 had been killed, respectively, and the difference in the percentages of wilted seedlings was statistically significant. However, the total percentage of wilted seedlings by September 2001 did not differ significantly between the isolates (Ka-4: 59%, Sakurajima population: 47%). The oleoresin flow began to decrease 4 days after inoculation of both isolates of PWN and to stop 2 weeks after inoculation. Xylem dysfunction occurred 4 and 6 weeks after inoculation in Ka-4 and the Sakurajima population inoculated seedlings, respectively. PWN were extracted from most wood chips sampled from the trunks of inoculated seedlings 2 weeks after inoculation in 2001. The density of PWN extracted from 1 cm3 wood chip sample did not differ significantly between the isolates. From these results, we can conclude that the virulence of the Sakurajima population is sub equal to the virulent isolate, Ka-4. A weak virulence of the Sakurajima population might not explain the 2-3 year delay in the invasion of pine wilt disease from the severely damaged pine stands on Ohsumi Peninsula and its prevalence in the eastern area of Sakurajima Island.